Qiu Zhilei, Xin Miao, Wang Chenyang, Zhu Yueli, Kong Qingnuan, Liu Zhijun
Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
J Oncol. 2022 Feb 15;2022:8423173. doi: 10.1155/2022/8423173. eCollection 2022.
MFAP2 has been reported to play an oncogenic role in several types of human cancers. However, the expression profile of MFAP2 in various cancers and its impact on prognosis and immune infiltration remain unclear. In this study, the mRNA expression and protein expression of MFAP2 in normal tissues, tumor cell lines, and 33 malignant tumor tissues were analyzed comprehensively using Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine and UALCAN databases, and the expression of MFAP2 in different grades and stages of cancers was assessed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) and Tumor and Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB). In general, MFAP2 showed distinct expression in most tumor and normal tissues, closely associated with higher tumor grade, higher tumor stage, and poor survival in multiple cancers. A search of the UALCAN database and the cBioPortal database revealed that this difference in mRNA level expression could be partly attributed to abnormal DNA methylation and mutations at the genomic level. In addition, MFAP2 expression was also associated with tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and neoantigens in different cancer types. More importantly, the TIMER and TISIDB databases also showed that MFAP2 levels were significantly correlated with immune infiltration abundance and immune-related gene markers, as well as ESTIMATE scores. By qPCR, MFAP2 expression was validated in four kinds of tumor tissue samples. The present study combined several databases and performed a pan-cancer analysis of the expression profile, methylation, and mutation for MFAP2 and its implications for prognosis and immune infiltration, suggesting that MFAP2 could contribute to malignant properties of many tumors. MFAP2 may be an important biomarker with prognostic value and has the potential to be a target for tumor immunotherapy.
据报道，MFAP2在几种人类癌症中发挥致癌作用。然而，MFAP2在各种癌症中的表达谱及其对预后和免疫浸润的影响仍不清楚。在本研究中，使用基因型-组织表达（GTEx）、癌细胞系百科全书（CCLE）和癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）、Oncomine和UALCAN数据库全面分析了MFAP2在正常组织、肿瘤细胞系和33种恶性肿瘤组织中的mRNA表达和蛋白质表达，并使用基因表达谱交互分析2（GEPIA2）和肿瘤与免疫系统相互作用数据库（TISIDB）评估了MFAP2在不同癌症分级和分期中的表达。总体而言，MFAP2在大多数肿瘤组织和正常组织中表现出明显差异，与多种癌症中更高的肿瘤分级、更高的肿瘤分期和较差的生存率密切相关。对UALCAN数据库和cBioPortal数据库的检索显示，这种mRNA水平表达的差异可能部分归因于基因组水平的异常DNA甲基化和突变。此外，MFAP2表达还与不同癌症类型中的肿瘤突变负担、微卫星不稳定性和新抗原相关。更重要的是,TIMER和TISIDB数据库还显示，MFAP2水平与免疫浸润丰度、免疫相关基因标志物以及ESTIMATE评分显著相关。通过qPCR，在四种肿瘤组织样本中验证了MFAP2的表达。本研究结合多个数据库，对MFAP2的表达谱、甲基化和突变及其对预后和免疫浸润的影响进行了泛癌分析，表明MFAP2可能促成许多肿瘤的恶性特性。MFAP2可能是一种具有预后价值的重要生物标志物，并有潜力成为肿瘤免疫治疗的靶点。
