Kholina Alla, Kozyrenko Marina, Artyukova Elena, Yakubov Valentin, Khoreva Mariya, Andrianova Elena, Mochalova Olga, Sandanov Denis
Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia.
Genetica. 2022 Apr;150(2):117-128. doi: 10.1007/s10709-022-00152-y. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Phylogenetic relationships within Oxytropis DC. sect. Gloeocephala Bunge from Northeast Asia were studied using plastid intergenic spacers (psbA-trnH + trnL-trnF + trnS-trnG) and ITS nrDNA. Populations of O. anadyrensis Vass., O. borealis DC., O. middendorffii Trautv., O. trautvetteri Meinsh., and O. vasskovskyi Jurtz. were monomorphic or characterised by a low level of chloroplast genetic diversity (h varied from 0.143 to 0.692, and π from 0.0001 to 0.0005). Presumably, the low genetic diversity was a result of the severe bottlenecks during Pleistocene glaciation-interglacial cycles. Twenty chlorotypes were identified; species studied had no shared chlorotypes. Chlorotypes of O. anadyrensis, O. borealis, and O. middendorffii formed two lineages each, while the chlorotypes of O. trautvetteri and O. vasskovskyi formed one separate lineage each in the phylogenetic network. There were specific diagnostic markers of cpDNA in each lineage, excluding O. vasskovskyi. The presence of a species-specific diagnostic marker in O. trautvetteri and specific markers in two lineages of O. anadyrensis support circumscribing these taxa as independent species. Regarding ITS nrDNA polymorphism, five ribotypes were detected. The differences revealed in plastid and nuclear genomes of Oxytropis sect. Gloeocephala confirmed that the Asian sector of Megaberingia was the main centre of diversification of arctic legumes.
利用叶绿体基因间隔区（psbA-trnH + trnL-trnF + trnS-trnG）和ITS nrDNA对来自东北亚的棘豆属（Oxytropis DC.）球头棘豆组（Gloeocephala Bunge）内的系统发育关系进行了研究。阿纳德尔河棘豆（Oxytropis anadyrensis Vass.）、北方棘豆（O. borealis DC.）、米氏棘豆（O. middendorffii Trautv.）、特氏棘豆（O. trautvetteri Meinsh.）和瓦氏棘豆（O. vasskovskyi Jurtz.）的种群为单态性，或具有低水平的叶绿体遗传多样性（h从0.143到0.692不等，π从0.0001到0.0005）。据推测，低遗传多样性是更新世冰期-间冰期循环期间严重瓶颈效应的结果。鉴定出了20种叶绿体单倍型；所研究的物种没有共享的叶绿体单倍型。阿纳德尔河棘豆、北方棘豆和米氏棘豆的叶绿体单倍型各自形成两个分支，而特氏棘豆和瓦氏棘豆的叶绿体单倍型在系统发育网络中各自形成一个单独的分支。除瓦氏棘豆外，每个分支都有叶绿体DNA的特异性诊断标记。特氏棘豆中存在物种特异性诊断标记以及阿纳德尔河棘豆两个分支中的特异性标记，支持将这些分类群划定为独立物种。关于ITS nrDNA多态性，检测到了五种核糖型。球头棘豆组叶绿体和核基因组中揭示的差异证实，大贝加尔地区的亚洲部分是北极豆科植物的主要多样化中心。
