Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
Deparment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Süleymaniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2022 Feb;44(2):100-108. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1741033. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
In addition to being a medical phenomenon, pandemics affect the individual and society on several levels and lead to disruptions. In the pandemic process, different groups in the population, including pregnant women as a defenseless group, are subjected to psychological threat. The present study aimed to determine the levels of anxiety and depression and related factors in pregnant women during the the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted with 269 pregnant women through face-to-face interviews held in Istanbul, Turkey. Regarding the data collection tools, the Cronbach α reliability coefficient was of 0.90 for the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and of 0.85 for the Beck Depression Inventory.
Among the participating pregnant women, 30.5% had mild, 17.5% had moderate, and 5.9% had severe anxiety symptoms, whereas 35.3% had mild, 16.7% had moderate, and 2.2% had severe depression symptoms. We found that those who were concerned about their health had 5.36 times ( = 0.04) more risk of developing anxiety, and 4.82 times ( = 0.01) more risk of developing depression than those who were not concerned. Those who had a history of psychiatric disease had 3.92 times ( = 0.02) more risk of developing anxiety than those without it.
We determined that about half of the pregnant women included in the study had some degree of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The risk factors for anxiety and depression among the pregnant women were determined as smoking, concerns about health and getting infected with the coronavirus, history of psychiatric disease, and undergoing regular antenatal care.
大流行不仅是一种医学现象，还会在多个层面上影响个人和社会，并导致混乱。在大流行过程中，包括孕妇在内的弱势群体会受到心理威胁。本研究旨在确定在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间孕妇的焦虑和抑郁水平及其相关因素。
本横断面研究通过面对面访谈，在土耳其伊斯坦布尔对 269 名孕妇进行了研究。关于数据收集工具，贝克焦虑量表的 Cronbach α 信度系数为 0.90，贝克抑郁量表的 Cronbach α 信度系数为 0.85。
在所参与的孕妇中，30.5%有轻度焦虑，17.5%有中度焦虑，5.9%有重度焦虑症状，而 35.3%有轻度抑郁，16.7%有中度抑郁，2.2%有重度抑郁症状。我们发现，那些担心自己健康的人患焦虑症的风险增加了 5.36 倍（ = 0.04），患抑郁症的风险增加了 4.82 倍（ = 0.01）。那些有精神病史的人患焦虑症的风险比没有精神病史的人高 3.92 倍（ = 0.02）。
我们发现，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，参与研究的孕妇中约有一半存在一定程度的焦虑和抑郁。孕妇焦虑和抑郁的危险因素为吸烟、对健康和感染冠状病毒的担忧、精神病史以及定期进行产前保健。
