Biomaterials and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Pachhunga University College Campus, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India.
Biomaterials and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Pachhunga University College Campus, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India.
Anal Biochem. 2022 May 15;645:114622. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114622. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
There is an increasing demand for developing the novel methods for the detection of clinically important metabolites. One among those metabolites is creatinine (2-amino-1-methyl-5H-imidazol-4-one), a waste product, produced by the catabolism of phosphocreatine from muscle and protein metabolism. It is very important to measure the creatinine level in human blood and urine as it reflects the muscular and thyroid functions. Importantly, the elevated level of creatinine is considered to be as impairment of the kidney. There are numerous methods existed to measure the concentration of creatinine in blood and urine. In this review, we consolidated the different conventional methods (chromatography, spectroscopy, immune sensor and enzyme-based detections) and their shortcomings. On other hand, we also dissertated the various nanomaterials (chemiluminescence, voltametric, amperometric, conductometric, potentiometric, impedimetric and nano polymer) based creatinine detection methods and their advantages. Finally, we also focussed on the point-of-care detection methods of creatinine determination. This review can conclude the low cost, more efficient and reliable nanotechnology-based new sensors for the detection of creatinine.
人们越来越需要开发新的方法来检测具有临床重要性的代谢物。其中一种代谢物是肌酸酐（2-氨基-1-甲基-5H-咪唑-4-酮），它是肌肉和蛋白质代谢中磷酸肌酸分解产生的一种废物产物。测量人体血液和尿液中的肌酸酐水平非常重要，因为它反映了肌肉和甲状腺的功能。重要的是，肌酸酐水平升高被认为是肾脏功能受损的表现。有许多方法可用于测量血液和尿液中的肌酸酐浓度。在这篇综述中，我们总结了不同的常规方法（色谱法、光谱法、免疫传感器和基于酶的检测）及其缺点。另一方面，我们还论述了基于各种纳米材料（化学发光、伏安法、安培法、电导法、电位法、阻抗法和纳米聚合物）的肌酸酐检测方法及其优点。最后，我们还重点介绍了即时检测方法在肌酸酐测定中的应用。总之，本文综述了基于纳米技术的新型低成本、更高效和更可靠的传感器，用于肌酸酐的检测。
