State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
The Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 1;12(8):588. doi: 10.3390/bios12080588.
Given the significance of uric acid and creatinine in clinical diagnostic, disease prevention and treatment, a multifunctional electrochemical sensor was proposed for sensitive detection of uric acid and creatinine. The sensitive detection of uric acid was realized based on the unique electrochemical oxidation of nanoporous gold (NPG) towards uric acid, showing good linearity from 10 μM to 750 μM with a satisfactory sensitivity of 222.91 μA mM cm and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 μM. Based on the Jaffé reaction between creatinine and picric acid, the sensitive detection of creatinine was indirectly achieved in a range from 10 to 2000 μM by determining the consumption of picric acid in the Jaffé reaction with a detection sensitivity of 195.05 μA mM cm and a LOD of 10 μM. For human urine detection using the proposed electrochemical sensor, the uric acid detection results were comparable to that of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with a deviation rate of less than 10.28% and the recoveries of uric acid spiked in urine samples were 89~118%. Compared with HPLC results, the deviation rate of creatinine detection in urine samples was less than 4.17% and the recoveries of creatinine spiked in urine samples ranged from 92.50% to 117.40%. The multifunctional electrochemical sensor exhibited many advantages in practical applications, including short detection time, high stability, simple operation, strong anti-interference ability, cost-effectiveness, and easy fabrication, which provided a promising alternative for urine analysis in clinical diagnosis.
鉴于尿酸和肌酐在临床诊断、疾病预防和治疗中的重要意义，提出了一种多功能电化学传感器，用于灵敏检测尿酸和肌酐。基于纳米多孔金（NPG）对尿酸的独特电化学氧化作用，实现了尿酸的灵敏检测，在 10 μM 至 750 μM 的范围内具有良好的线性关系，灵敏度为 222.91 μA mM cm，检测限（LOD）为 0.06 μM。基于肌酐与苦味酸之间的 Jaffé 反应，通过测定 Jaffé 反应中苦味酸的消耗，间接实现了肌酐在 10 至 2000 μM 范围内的灵敏检测，检测灵敏度为 195.05 μA mM cm，检测限（LOD）为 10 μM。使用所提出的电化学传感器进行人体尿液检测，尿酸检测结果与高效液相色谱（HPLC）相当，偏差率小于 10.28%，尿液样品中尿酸的回收率为 89~118%。与 HPLC 结果相比，尿液样品中肌酐检测的偏差率小于 4.17%，尿液样品中肌酐的回收率范围为 92.50%至 117.40%。多功能电化学传感器在实际应用中具有许多优点，包括检测时间短、稳定性高、操作简单、抗干扰能力强、经济高效、易于制造等，为临床诊断中的尿液分析提供了一种有前途的替代方法。
