Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, MI, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2022 Aug 10;115(4):1024-1028. doi: 10.1093/jee/toac024.
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a vinegar fly native to East Asia that has rapidly expanded its range to become a pest of sweet cherry (Prunus avium, L. 1753 [Rosales: Rosaceae]) and tart cherry (P. cerasus, L. 1753) in North America and Europe. The goal of the research presented herein was to improve the decision-making process for managing D. suzukii in tart cherry. Knowing that D. suzukii females are attracted to ripening fruit, we measured fruit infestation by D. suzukii as it relates to an existing fruit development model that uses full bloom as a biofix, calculating accumulated growing degree days (GDD) with a lower threshold of 4°C. Increasing larval infestation was highly correlated with fruit development expressed as GDD post-bloom with very few larvae developing in fruit subjected to no-choice assays prior to 530 GDD (base 4°C) and no larvae detected in naturally infested fruit prior to 800 GDD. Our findings provide the first quantification of the relationship between fruit development and D. suzukii infestation that allows for pinpointing the timing of fruit susceptibility and that could be used as the basis for a more sustainable management program for this pest in tart cherry orchards.
水果实蝇（Drosophila suzukii）（双翅目：果蝇科）原产于东亚，是一种醋蝇，已迅速扩大其分布范围，成为北美和欧洲甜樱桃（Prunus avium，L. 1753 [蔷薇目：蔷薇科]）和酸樱桃（P. cerasus，L. 1753）的害虫。本研究旨在改善对酸樱桃中果蝇的管理决策过程。由于已知果蝇雌性被成熟果实吸引，我们测量了果蝇对果实的侵害程度，将其与现有的果实发育模型相关联，该模型使用盛开作为生物固定点，计算累积生长度日（GDD），其下限为 4°C。幼虫侵害的增加与开花后以 GDD 表示的果实发育高度相关，在没有选择试验的情况下，很少有幼虫在 530 GDD（4°C 为基数）之前发育，在 800 GDD 之前未在自然侵染的果实中检测到幼虫。我们的发现首次量化了果实发育与果蝇侵害之间的关系，使我们能够确定果实易受侵害的时间，这可以作为该果园中更可持续的酸樱桃管理计划的基础。
