Krushas Amber E, Schwartz Joseph A
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0149 USA.
College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32312-1273 USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2022 Jan 14;15(1):105-119. doi: 10.1007/s40653-022-00436-7. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Experiencing severe and enduring adversity in childhood without the support of adult figures has been linked to an extensive list of physical health outcomes. This finding is closely tied to the concept of toxic stress, which is regularly studied using a combination of sources, including childhood adversity, unmet basic needs, and unmet social needs. Despite these findings, previous work has typically compiled various sources associated with toxic stress into a single construct, limiting existing knowledge on the contribution of each individual source to physical health. To address these concerns, the current study utilizes data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to examine the association between independent and collective sources of toxic stress in childhood and individual differences in biomarkers tapping cardiometabolic functioning in emerging adulthood. Results indicate a significant association between a composite measure of sources of toxic stress and cardiometabolic risk, with subsequent models examining the independent influence of each source revealing that this association was largely driven by childhood adversity and unmet basic needs, but not unmet social needs. These findings suggest that the individual sources of toxic stress may differentially contribute to physical health outcomes.
童年时期在没有成人支持的情况下经历严重且持久的逆境，已被证明与一系列广泛的身体健康结果相关。这一发现与毒性应激的概念密切相关，毒性应激通常通过多种来源进行研究，包括童年逆境、未满足的基本需求和未满足的社会需求。尽管有这些发现，但以往的研究通常将与毒性应激相关的各种来源整合为一个单一的结构，从而限制了我们对每个单独来源对身体健康影响的现有认识。为了解决这些问题，本研究利用了青少年到成人健康的全国纵向研究数据，以检验童年时期毒性应激的独立和综合来源与成年早期反映心脏代谢功能的生物标志物个体差异之间的关联。结果表明，毒性应激来源的综合测量与心脏代谢风险之间存在显著关联，随后的模型检验了每个来源的独立影响，结果显示这种关联主要由童年逆境和未满足的基本需求驱动，而非未满足的社会需求。这些发现表明，毒性应激的各个来源对身体健康结果的影响可能存在差异。
