Villa Francesca, Vinti Giovanni, Vaccari Mentore
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, Via Golgi 39, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Laboratory Centre on Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Management in Resource-Limited Countries (CeTAmb LAB), University of Brescia, Via Branze, Brescia, Italy.
Waste Dispos Sustain Energy. 2022;4(1):49-62. doi: 10.1007/s42768-022-00091-6. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
Appropriate solid waste management (SWM) strategies are necessary to avoid severe environmental and sanitary impacts, especially in low-income countries. Such strategies are most likely to succeed whether implementing actors are supported by scientific research. In this paper, the results of a collaboration between local authorities and researchers are presented and discussed that are the assessment of waste generation in the city of Quelimane (Mozambique), integrating existing and field-collected data and the design of a small-scale center for plastic sorting to complement the SWM system of the city. The center is expected to receive about 0.3-0.4 t/day of plastic waste (5%-7% of the overall amount of plastic waste daily produced in Quelimane). As long-term sustainability represents a typical issue, simplicity of operation was a leading principle in the design of the center; moreover, the design included a treatment plant (WWTP) for generated wastewater, whose management is usually neglected in such interventions. Among others, natural wastewater treatment (constructed wetlands) has been chosen for its affordability. Noteworthy, the so-conceived WWTP appears as a novelty in the scientific literature associated with small-scale plastic sorting plants. The system is designed to treat an average flow of 6 m/day and consisted of a septic tank followed by a subsurface flow constructed wetland. Overall, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and TSS (total suspended solids) removal higher than 80% and 90% were estimated, respectively. Based on this work, both the center and the WWTP were successfully realized, which are waiting to become operational. In the authors' opinion, the implemented procedure could become a reference for broader investigations and surveys.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42768-022-00091-6.
适当的固体废物管理（SWM）策略对于避免严重的环境和卫生影响至关重要，尤其是在低收入国家。如果实施行为体得到科学研究的支持，这些策略最有可能取得成功。本文介绍并讨论了地方当局与研究人员合作的成果，即对莫桑比克克利马内市的垃圾产生情况进行评估，整合现有数据和实地收集的数据，并设计一个小型塑料分拣中心以补充该市的SWM系统。该中心预计每天接收约0.3 - 0.4吨塑料垃圾（占克利马内市每日产生的塑料垃圾总量的5% - 7%）。由于长期可持续性是一个典型问题，操作简单是该中心设计的首要原则；此外，设计中还包括一个用于处理产生的废水的处理厂（污水处理厂），在这类干预措施中，废水管理通常被忽视。其中，自然废水处理（人工湿地）因其成本效益而被选用。值得注意的是，如此构思的污水处理厂在与小型塑料分拣厂相关的科学文献中是新颖的。该系统设计用于处理平均每天6立方米的流量，由一个化粪池和一个地下流人工湿地组成。总体而言，估计化学需氧量（COD）和总悬浮固体（TSS）的去除率分别高于80%和90%。基于这项工作，该中心和污水处理厂均已成功建成，正在等待投入运营。在作者看来，所实施的程序可为更广泛的调查和研究提供参考。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s42768-022-00091-6获取的补充材料。
