The University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia.
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, F.D. McMaster Laboratory, New England Hwy, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2022 Jun;100(6):261-270. doi: 10.1111/avj.13156. Epub 2022 Feb 27.
Infectious disease has a significant impact on livestock production. Availability of alternatives to antibiotics to prevent and treat disease is required to reduce reliance on antibiotics while not impacting animal welfare. Innate immune stimulants, such as mycobacterium cell wall fractions (MCWF), are used as alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of infectious disease in a number of species including cattle, horses and dogs. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of Amplimune®, an MCWF-based immune stimulant, for weaner Angus cattle.
On day -1 and 0, sixty mixed-sex Angus weaner cattle were transported for 6 h before being inducted and housed in a large single pen, simulating feedlot induction conditions. The cattle were assigned to one of six treatment groups (n = 10 per group): 2 mL Amplimune intramuscularly (2IM); 2 mL Amplimune subcutaneously (2SC); 5 mL Amplimune intramuscularly (5IM); 5 mL Amplimune subcutaneously (5SC); 5 mL saline intramuscularly (SalIM) and 5 mL saline subcutaneously (SalSC) on day 0 following transportation. Body temperature, body weight, concentrations of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12) and haematology parameters were measured at various times up to 96 h post-treatment.
No adverse effects from Amplimune treatment were observed. Amplimune induced an increase in circulating cytokine TNFα concentrations, total white blood cell count and lymphocyte counts indicative of activation of the innate immune system without causing an excessive inflammatory response.
Results confirm that Amplimune can be safely administered to beef cattle at the dose rates and via the routes of administration investigated here.
传染病对畜牧业生产有重大影响。为了减少对抗生素的依赖，同时不影响动物福利，需要有抗生素替代品来预防和治疗疾病。牛分枝杆菌细胞壁成分（MCWF）等先天免疫刺激剂已被用作替代抗生素，用于治疗和预防牛、马和狗等多种物种的传染病。本研究旨在评估 Amplimune®（一种基于 MCWF 的免疫刺激剂）在安格斯断奶牛中的安全性。
在第-1 天和 0 天，60 头混合性别安格斯断奶牛在运输 6 小时后被运往一个大的单个围栏中，模拟饲养场诱导条件。牛被分配到六个治疗组之一（每组 10 头）：2 毫升 Amplimune 肌肉内（2IM）；2 毫升 Amplimune 皮下（2SC）；5 毫升 Amplimune 肌肉内（5IM）；5 毫升 Amplimune 皮下（5SC）；5 毫升盐水肌肉内（SalIM）和 5 毫升盐水皮下（SalSC）在运输后第 0 天。在治疗后不同时间测量体温、体重、循环促炎细胞因子（TNFα、IL-1β、IL-6 和 IL-12）浓度和血液学参数，直至 96 小时。
未观察到 Amplimune 治疗的不良反应。Amplimune 诱导循环细胞因子 TNFα 浓度、总白细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数增加，表明先天免疫系统被激活，而不会引起过度的炎症反应。
结果证实，在此研究的剂量和给药途径下，Amplimune 可安全地施用于肉牛。
