Brown W, Oliveira M, Reis Silva R, Demetrio D, Block J
Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071.
RuAnn Genetics, Riverdale, CA 93656.
JDS Commun. 2024 Feb 1;5(4):361-365. doi: 10.3168/jdsc.2023-0462. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Proinflammatory cytokines are involved in regulating several reproductive processes that occur during the periovulatory period, including ovulation, corpus luteum formation, and preimplantation embryo development. The objective of this study was to determine whether stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines through administration of mycobacterium cell wall fraction (MCWF; Amplimune, NovaVive) could improve embryo development following superovulation in dairy heifers. A total of 34 independent embryo recovery procedures were performed using nulliparous Holstein heifers (n = 20; age 12-18 mo) as donors. For superovulation, dominant follicle removal was performed and an intravaginal progesterone device was inserted on d -6. Thirty-six hours later, on d -4, FSH (420 IU total) was administered in a decreasing dose regimen consisting of 8 injections given twice daily at 12-h intervals. Prostaglandin F was administered in conjunction with the fifth and sixth injections of FSH on d -2 and the intravaginal progesterone device was removed on the morning of d -1. Twenty-four hours later, on d 0, donors received their randomly assigned treatment (sterile saline or MCWF, 5 mL, i.m.) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone was administered to induce ovulation. Donors were artificially inseminated with frozen-thawed semen at 12 and 24 h after induced ovulation. Nonsurgical embryo recovery procedures were performed on d 7. Recovered structures were evaluated using a stereomicroscope to assess embryo development. There was no effect of MCWF treatment on the numbers of total structures, unfertilized oocytes, degenerate embryos, transferable embryos, or blastocysts. However, there was a trend for donors treated with MCWF to have a greater proportion of blastocysts out of total structures recovered. Overall, the efficacy of superovulation in virgin dairy heifer donors was not improved by administration of MCWF during the peri-ovulatory period, but results indicate that MCWF treatment may enhance embryo developmental kinetics.
促炎细胞因子参与调节围排卵期发生的多个生殖过程，包括排卵、黄体形成和植入前胚胎发育。本研究的目的是确定通过给予分枝杆菌细胞壁组分（MCWF；Amplimune，NovaVive）刺激促炎细胞因子是否能改善奶牛青年母牛超排后的胚胎发育。使用未产荷斯坦青年母牛（n = 20；年龄12 - 18月龄）作为供体，共进行了34次独立的胚胎回收程序。对于超排，在第 - 6天进行优势卵泡摘除并插入阴道内孕酮装置。36小时后，即第 - 4天，以递减剂量方案给予FSH（总量420 IU），该方案包括每天两次、间隔12小时进行8次注射。在第 - 2天，前列腺素F与FSH的第五和第六次注射联合给药，并在第 - 1天上午取出阴道内孕酮装置。24小时后，即第0天，供体接受随机分配的处理（无菌生理盐水或MCWF，5 mL，肌肉注射），并给予促性腺激素释放激素以诱导排卵。供体在诱导排卵后12小时和24小时用冻融精液进行人工授精。在第7天进行非手术胚胎回收程序。使用体视显微镜评估回收的结构以评估胚胎发育。MCWF处理对总结构、未受精卵母细胞、退化胚胎、可移植胚胎或囊胚的数量没有影响。然而，接受MCWF处理的供体回收的总结构中囊胚比例有增加的趋势。总体而言，围排卵期给予MCWF并未提高未产奶牛青年母牛供体超排的效果，但结果表明MCWF处理可能会增强胚胎发育动力学。
