Division of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Deformities, CDER, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, CDER, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2021 Jul-Sep;32(3):292-298. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_827_20.
The study was undertaken to estimate the species-specific prevalence of oral candidiasis in diabetic individuals in India, and further find the relationship of oral carriage of Candida in diabetes with degree of diabetic control, duration of disease, type of diabetes and its effect on the status of oral hygiene status and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score.
The prospective cross-sectional study involved 900 individuals (470 diabetic and 430 non-diabetic) visiting a tertiary care hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all the individuals participating in the study. The demographic details, medical history and oral cavity examination were recorded in a specially designed proforma. Swabs were taken for microbiological evaluation for specific prevalence of Candida.
The overall prevalence of Candida in diabetics was 22.1% as compared to 9.7% in non-diabetic individuals. However, among the type 1 and type 2 diabetics, the prevalence of Candida was equally distributed as 22.6% and 20.8%, respectively. C. albicans was the most common species (97.1%), while isolated cases of other species like C. rugosa, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata were also observed. The individuals with higher glycaemic score (HbA1c >7) showed higher prevalence of oral candidiasis. Oral hygiene status was observed to be lower among diabetics as compared to non-diabetic individuals.
Oral candidiasis was more prevalent in diabetic patients, and C. albicans was the most common species. The diabetics also showed higher mean DMFT with lower oral hygiene status as compared to non-diabetic individuals.
本研究旨在评估印度糖尿病患者口腔念珠菌病的种特异性流行率，并进一步探讨糖尿病患者口腔念珠菌携带与糖尿病控制程度、疾病持续时间、糖尿病类型及其对口腔卫生状况和龋齿、缺失和补牙（DMFT）评分的影响之间的关系。
这是一项前瞻性横断面研究，共纳入 900 名个体（470 名糖尿病患者和 430 名非糖尿病患者），他们均来自一家三级护理医院。所有参与研究的个体均获得了知情同意。记录了人口统计学资料、病史和口腔检查的详细信息，并在专门设计的表格中记录。采集拭子进行微生物评估，以确定念珠菌的特定流行率。
糖尿病患者中念珠菌的总体流行率为 22.1%，而非糖尿病患者中为 9.7%。然而，在 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者中，念珠菌的流行率分别相等，为 22.6%和 20.8%。C. albicans 是最常见的物种（97.1%），但也观察到其他物种的孤立病例，如 C. rugosa、C. tropicalis 和 C. glabrata。糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c>7）较高的个体口腔念珠菌病的患病率更高。与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者的口腔卫生状况较差。
口腔念珠菌病在糖尿病患者中更为普遍，C. albicans 是最常见的物种。与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者的平均 DMFT 更高，口腔卫生状况更差。
