Rodriguez Mabel, Knížková Karolína, Keřková Barbora, Siroňová Aneta, Šustová Petra, Jonáš Juraj, Španiel Filip
National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic.
Psychiatry Res. 2022 Apr;310:114479. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114479. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Cognitive reserve (CR) has been conceptualized as an individual's ability to optimize or maximize performance through differential recruitment of brain networks. As such, CR may contribute to the heterogeneity of cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia. This study aimed to assess the relationships between CR, cognition and quality of life in first-episode (FES) patients. A total of 137 patients with either ICD-10 schizophrenia or "acute and transient psychotic disorders" diagnosis, and 62 healthy controls had completed a comprehensive assessment of six cognitive domains: speed of processing, attention, working memory/flexibility, verbal memory, visual memory, and abstraction/executive functioning. CR was calculated from the participants' education, premorbid IQ, and socioeconomic status. The results suggested that in patients, CR was positively related to cognitive performance in all domains, explaining 42.6% of the variance observed in cognition overall. Effects of CR in the control group were limited to three domains: speed of processing, abstraction/executive function and working memory/flexibility. These results suggest that CR largely contributes to cognitive variations present in FES patients. In addition, CR was negatively related to the social construct of patients' quality of life, and positively to symptom severity and general functioning.
认知储备（CR）被概念化为个体通过差异化调用脑网络来优化或最大化表现的能力。因此，CR可能导致精神分裂症中观察到的认知缺陷的异质性。本研究旨在评估首发（FES）患者中CR、认知与生活质量之间的关系。共有137例诊断为ICD - 10精神分裂症或“急性短暂性精神病性障碍”的患者以及62名健康对照完成了对六个认知领域的综合评估：加工速度、注意力、工作记忆/灵活性、言语记忆、视觉记忆和抽象/执行功能。CR由参与者的教育程度、病前智商和社会经济地位计算得出。结果表明，在患者中，CR与所有领域的认知表现呈正相关，解释了总体认知中观察到的42.6%的方差。CR在对照组中的影响仅限于三个领域：加工速度、抽象/执行功能和工作记忆/灵活性。这些结果表明，CR在很大程度上导致了FES患者中存在的认知差异。此外，CR与患者生活质量的社会构成呈负相关，与症状严重程度和总体功能呈正相关。
