Sabet Nazanin, Soltani Zahra, Khaksari Mohammad, Raji-Amirhasani Alireza
Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Inflamm (Lond). 2022 Mar 2;19(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12950-022-00299-7.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome characterized by rapid loss of excretory function of kidney. Both exercise and some diets have been shown to increase silent information regulator (SIRT1) expression leading to reduction of kidney injury. In this study, the effect of two different diets during exercise on kidney function, oxidative stress, inflammation and also SIRT1 in AKI was investigated.
A number of rats were randomly divided into four groups; control without exercise, control with exercise, exercise + calorie restriction (CR), and exercise + time restriction (TR). Each group was divided into two subgroups of without AKI and with AKI (six rats in each group). Endurance exercise and diets were implemented before AKI. Serum urea and creatinine, urinary albumin, kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and SIRT1 levels, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and relative kidney weight were measured before and 24 h after AKI induction.
After induction of kidney injury, serum urea and creatinine, urinary albumin, kidney MDA and TGF-β1 levels increased in rats with both previous exercise and no previous exercise, while GFR, and kidney TAC and SIRT1 levels significantly decreased. These changes after AKI were less in the group with previous exercise than in the group that had no exercise (p <0.001). The TR diet during exercise caused a less increase in serum urea (p <0.01) and creatinine (p <0.01), and urinary albumin (p <0.001) levels after the injury compared to the just exercise group. Also, both CR and TR diets during exercise caused less change in MDA (p <0.001) and TAC (p <0.05, p <0.001, respectively) levels compared to just exercise group.
The results showed that exercise alone had no effect on preventing function impairment of kidney, oxidative stress, inflammation and also SIRT1 alteration following AKI, although these indexes were less among those with exercise than those without exercise. However, when the CR and TR diets were implemented during exercise, strong renoprotective effects appeared, and the protective effect of TR diet was greater.
急性肾损伤（AKI）是一种以肾脏排泄功能迅速丧失为特征的综合征。运动和某些饮食已被证明可增加沉默信息调节因子（SIRT1）的表达，从而减少肾损伤。在本研究中，探讨了运动期间两种不同饮食对AKI大鼠肾功能、氧化应激、炎症以及SIRT1的影响。
将若干只大鼠随机分为四组；无运动对照组、运动对照组、运动+热量限制（CR）组和运动+时间限制（TR）组。每组再分为无AKI和有AKI两个亚组（每组6只大鼠）。在诱导AKI之前进行耐力运动和饮食干预。在诱导AKI之前和之后24小时测量血清尿素和肌酐、尿白蛋白、肾脏丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）、转化生长因子（TGF-β1）和SIRT1水平、肾小球滤过率（GFR）和相对肾脏重量。
诱导肾损伤后，既往运动组和未运动组大鼠的血清尿素和肌酐、尿白蛋白、肾脏MDA和TGF-β1水平均升高，而GFR、肾脏TAC和SIRT1水平显著降低。AKI后，既往运动组的这些变化比未运动组少（p<0.001）。与单纯运动组相比，运动期间的TR饮食导致损伤后血清尿素（p<0.01）、肌酐（p<0.01）和尿白蛋白（p<0.001）水平升高较少。此外，与单纯运动组相比，运动期间的CR和TR饮食导致MDA（p<0.001）和TAC（分别为p<0.05，p<0.001）水平变化较小。
结果表明，单独运动对预防AKI后肾功能损害、氧化应激、炎症以及SIRT1改变没有作用，尽管运动组的这些指标比未运动组少。然而，当在运动期间实施CR和TR饮食时，出现了强大的肾脏保护作用，且TR饮食的保护作用更大。
