脂肪干细胞和祖细胞的组成、功能及调控

The composition, function, and regulation of adipose stem and progenitor cells.

作者信息

Liao Xiyan, Zhou Haiyan, Deng Tuo

机构信息

National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.

Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.

出版信息

J Genet Genomics. 2022 Apr;49(4):308-315. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.02.014. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

DOI:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.02.014

PMID:35240306

Abstract

White adipose tissue (WAT) is a highly plastic organ that plays a central role in regulating whole-body energy metabolism. Adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) are essential components of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue. They give rise to mature adipocytes and play a critical role in maintaining adipose tissue function. However, the molecular heterogeneity and functional diversity of ASPCs are still poorly understood. Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis has identified distinct subtypes of ASPCs in murine and human adipose tissues, providing new insights into the cellular complexity of ASPCs among multiple fat depots. This review summarizes the current knowledge on ASPC populations, including their markers, functions, and regulatory mechanisms. Targeting one or several of these cell populations may ameliorate metabolic disorders by promoting adaptive hyperplastic adipose growth.

摘要

白色脂肪组织（WAT）是一种高度可塑性的器官，在调节全身能量代谢中起核心作用。脂肪干细胞和祖细胞（ASPCs）是脂肪组织基质血管成分（SVF）的重要组成部分。它们分化为成熟脂肪细胞，并在维持脂肪组织功能中起关键作用。然而，ASPCs的分子异质性和功能多样性仍知之甚少。最近，单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）分析已在小鼠和人类脂肪组织中鉴定出ASPCs的不同亚型，为多个脂肪库中ASPCs的细胞复杂性提供了新见解。本综述总结了关于ASPC群体的当前知识，包括它们的标志物、功能和调节机制。靶向这些细胞群体中的一个或几个可能通过促进适应性增生性脂肪生长来改善代谢紊乱。