Jimoh Abdullahi Adekilekun, Ikhimiukor Odion Osebhahiemen, Adeleke Rasheed
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 May;29(24):35615-35642. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19299-4. Epub 2022 Mar 5.
Hypersaline environments are underappreciated and are frequently exposed to pollution from petroleum hydrocarbons. Unlike other environs, the high salinity conditions present are a deterrent to various remediation techniques. There is also production of hypersaline waters from oil-polluted ecosystems which contain toxic hydrophobic pollutants that are threat to public health, environmental protection, and sustainability. Currently, innovative advances are being proposed for the remediation of oil-contaminated hypersaline regions. Such advancements include the exploration and stimulation of native microbial communities capable of utilizing and degrading petroleum hydrocarbons. However, prevailing salinity in these environments is unfavourable for the growth of non-halophylic microorganisms, thus limiting effective bioremediation options. An in-depth understanding of the potentials of various remediation technologies of hydrocarbon-polluted hypersaline environments is lacking. Thus, we present an overview of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in hypersaline ecosystems and discuss the challenges and prospects associated with several technologies that may be employed in remediation of hydrocarbon pollution in the presence of delimiting high salinities. The application of biological remediation technologies including the utilization of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms is also discussed.
高盐环境未得到充分重视，且经常受到石油烃污染。与其他环境不同，当前存在的高盐度条件对各种修复技术来说是一种阻碍。石油污染的生态系统还会产生高盐度水体，其中含有对公众健康、环境保护和可持续发展构成威胁的有毒疏水性污染物。目前，人们正在提出创新性进展以修复受石油污染的高盐地区。这些进展包括探索和刺激能够利用和降解石油烃的本地微生物群落。然而，这些环境中普遍存在的盐度不利于非嗜盐微生物的生长，从而限制了有效的生物修复选择。目前缺乏对烃污染高盐环境中各种修复技术潜力的深入了解。因此，我们概述了高盐生态系统中的石油烃污染，并讨论了在存在限定高盐度的情况下，可用于修复烃污染的几种技术所面临的挑战和前景。还讨论了包括利用嗜盐和耐盐微生物在内的生物修复技术的应用。
