Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, E-17 Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, GPO Box # 3854, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
Regis College, Regis University, History, Politics and Political Economy Department, 3333 Regis Boulevard, Denver, CO 80221-1099, United States.
Waste Manag. 2022 Apr 1;142:143-151. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.030. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
Privatization of municipal solid waste management has been widely studied for both developing and developed countries, producing evidence both for and against privatization. This research reiterates the importance of one of the largest megacities in the world - Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh - as a case study on this topic, and further nuances the debate about the role of privatization in municipal waste management. The focus is on one of its municipalities, the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC), where we provide comparative analysis of municipal solid waste collection and transportation between a total of 36 privatized and non-privatized administrative units. Landfill weigh-bridge data on monthly net weight of waste, number of sweepers, secondary transfer stations and vehicle data was collected from the DNCC for 36 consecutive months from 2017 January to 2019 December, and analyses were run using 30 months' data till June. Fixed effects and "hybrid" random-effects regressions were run on the panel dataset to estimate both within-cluster and between-cluster effects. The results indicate that administrative units with privatized waste management have significantly higher waste collection on average, which can be explained by a higher number of high capacity dump trucks, though wider economic and demographic factors may be partly driving the difference. In-depth interviews with city corporation officials and contractors also provided valuable information on employment conditions. It is found that wages and benefits of sweepers under private contract are much lower. Moreover, since most sweepers are female, a gendered effect of privatization is evident.
市政固体废物管理的私有化在发展中国家和发达国家都得到了广泛研究，为私有化提供了正反两方面的证据。这项研究重申了世界上最大的特大城市之一——孟加拉国首都达卡作为该主题案例研究的重要性，并进一步细化了关于私有化在城市废物管理中作用的辩论。研究重点是该市的一个行政区——达卡北市公司（DNCC），我们对总共 36 个私有化和非私有化行政区的市政固体废物收集和运输进行了比较分析。从 2017 年 1 月到 2019 年 12 月，我们从 DNCC 收集了 36 个月的每月废物净重量、清扫工人数、二次转运站和车辆数据，并使用 30 个月的数据进行了分析。我们对面板数据集进行了固定效应和“混合”随机效应回归，以估计群内和群间效应。结果表明，实行废物管理私有化的行政区平均收集的废物量显著增加，这可以用更多的大容量自卸卡车来解释，尽管更广泛的经济和人口因素可能在一定程度上推动了这种差异。对市公司官员和承包商的深入访谈也提供了有关就业条件的宝贵信息。调查发现，私人合同下的清扫工的工资和福利要低得多。此外，由于大多数清扫工是女性，因此私有化存在明显的性别影响。
