Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, College of Basic Science, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2022 Feb;76(1):50-60. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2022.2046451. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant status of broiler chickens exposed to cold environment to induce ascites. Three hundred male chickens were exposed full-day to cold stress (CT, 10°C) starting from day 15 of age until the end of experiment at day 42, while a positive control group (NT, 100 birds) was kept under normal temperature (23-25°C). The CT groups (three treatments and five replicates of 20 birds) were as follows: negative control (basal diet, CT) and CT + 200 or 400 mg lycopene per kg diet from 15 to 42 d of age. Results showed that CT without lycopene supplementation caused a reduction of feed intake and weight gain and increased the feed conversion ratio. Supplementation of lycopene during CT restored the performance to levels of the positive control, lowered the index of right ventricles/total ventricles and ascites mortality. Birds reared under CT had lower serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and higher malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration than birds reared under the NT environment. With lycopene supplementation, serum MDA level significantly decreased and the activity of SOD and GPx increased. Blood concentration of haematocrit, haemoglobin and red blood cells were decreased by the highest lycopene supplementation to a level comparable to NT. Moreover, increasing dietary lycopene level suppressed serum concentrations of cholesterol and enhanced high-density lipoproteins levels in blood. In conclusion, lycopene supplementation alleviates adverse effects of cold stress on performance through modulating activity of antioxidant enzymes in broiler chickens.
本研究旨在确定日粮补充番茄红素对暴露于寒冷环境中诱发腹水的肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化状态的影响。将 300 只雄性鸡从 15 日龄开始全天暴露于寒冷应激（CT，10°C）直至 42 日龄实验结束，而阳性对照组（NT，100 只）保持在正常温度（23-25°C）下。CT 组（三个处理组和五个重复组，每组 20 只）如下：阴性对照组（基础日粮，CT）和 CT+200 或 400mg/kg 日粮番茄红素从 15 至 42 日龄。结果表明，CT 不补充番茄红素导致采食量和体重增加减少，饲料转化率增加。CT 期间补充番茄红素可使性能恢复到阳性对照组的水平，降低右心室/总心室指数和腹水死亡率。与 NT 环境下饲养的鸡相比，在 CT 下饲养的鸡血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性较低，丙二醛（MDA）浓度较高。补充番茄红素后，血清 MDA 水平显著降低，SOD 和 GPx 活性增加。血红蛋白、红细胞和红细胞压积的血液浓度因最高番茄红素补充而降低到与 NT 相当的水平。此外，增加日粮番茄红素水平可抑制血清胆固醇浓度，并提高血液中高密度脂蛋白的水平。综上所述，番茄红素补充通过调节肉鸡抗氧化酶的活性来减轻寒冷应激对性能的不利影响。
