Liu Yueli, Hesse Laura E, Geiger Morgan K, Zinn Kurt R, McMahon Timothy J, Chen Chengpeng, Spence Dana M
Departments of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Lab Chip. 2022 Mar 29;22(7):1310-1320. doi: 10.1039/d2lc00030j.
A set of 3D-printed analytical devices were developed to investigate erythrocytes (ERYs) processed in conventional and modified storage solutions used in transfusion medicine. During storage, prior to transfusion into a patient recipient, ERYs undergo many chemical and physical changes that are not completely understood. However, these changes are thought to contribute to an increase in post-transfusion complications, and even an increase in mortality rates. Here, a reusable fluidic device (fabricated with additive manufacturing technologies) enabled the evaluation of ERYs prior to, and after, introduction into a stream of flowing fresh ERYs, thus representing components of an ERY transfusion on an platform. Specifically, ERYs stored in conventional and glucose-modified solutions were assayed by chemiluminescence for their ability to release flow-induced ATP. The ERY's deformability was also determined throughout the storage duration using a novel membrane transport approach housed in a 3D-printed scaffold. Results show that hyperglycemic conditions permanently alter ERY deformability, which may explain the reduced ATP release, as this phenomenon is related to cell deformability. Importantly, the reduced deformability and ATP release were reversible in an model of transfusion; specifically, when stored cells were introduced into a flowing stream of healthy cells, the ERY-derived release of ATP and cell deformability both returned to states similar to that of non-stored cells. However, after 1-2 weeks of storage, the deleterious effects of the storage were permanent. These results suggest that currently approved hyperglycemic storage solutions are having adverse effects on stored ERYs used in transfusion medicine and that normoglycemic storage may reduce the storage lesion, especially for cells stored for longer than 14 days.
开发了一组3D打印分析设备，以研究在输血医学中使用的传统和改良储存溶液中处理过的红细胞（ERYs）。在储存期间，即在输注给患者之前，红细胞会经历许多尚未完全了解的化学和物理变化。然而，这些变化被认为会导致输血后并发症增加，甚至死亡率上升。在此，一种可重复使用的流体装置（采用增材制造技术制造）能够在将ERYs引入流动的新鲜ERYs流之前和之后对其进行评估，从而在一个平台上模拟ERY输血的各个组成部分。具体而言，通过化学发光法测定储存在传统溶液和葡萄糖改良溶液中的ERYs释放流动诱导ATP的能力。还使用3D打印支架中采用的一种新型膜运输方法，在整个储存期间测定ERY的可变形性。结果表明，高血糖条件会永久性改变ERY的可变形性，这可能解释了ATP释放减少的原因，因为这种现象与细胞可变形性有关。重要的是，在输血模型中，可变形性和ATP释放的降低是可逆的；具体而言，当将储存的细胞引入健康细胞的流动流中时，ERY衍生的ATP释放和细胞可变形性均恢复到与未储存细胞相似的状态。然而，储存1 - 2周后，储存的有害影响是永久性的。这些结果表明，目前批准的高血糖储存溶液对输血医学中使用的储存ERYs有不利影响，而正常血糖储存可能会减少储存损伤，特别是对于储存超过14天的细胞。
