Yap Justin, Scheuermeyer Frank X, van Diepen Sean, Barbic David, Straight Ron, Wall Nechelle, Asamoah-Boaheng Michael, Christenson Jim, Grunau Brian
British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, British Columbia, Canada.
Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada.
Resusc Plus. 2022 Mar 3;9:100216. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100216. eCollection 2022 Mar.
BACKGROUND: Jurisdictions have reported COVID-19-related increases in the incidence and mortality of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We hypothesized that changes in suicide incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to these changes. We investigated whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in the: (1) incidence of suicide-related OHCA, and (2) characteristics and outcomes of such cases. METHODS: We used the provincial British Columbia Cardiac Arrest Registry, including non-traumatic emergency medical system (EMS)-assessed OHCA, to compare suicide-related OHCA (defined as clear self-harm or communication of intent) one-year prior to, and one year after, the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 15, 2020). We calculated differences in incidence (with 95% CI), overall and within subgroups of mechanism (hanging, suffocation, poisoning, or unclear mechanism), and in case characteristics and hospital-discharge favourable neurological outcomes (CPC 1-2). RESULTS: Of 13,785 EMS-assessed OHCA, we included 274/6430 (4.3%) pre-pandemic and 221/7355 (3.0%) pandemic-period suicide-related cases. The median age was 43 years (IQR 30-57), 157 (32%) were female, and 7 (1.4%) survived with favourable neurological status. Suicide-related OHCA incidence decreased from 5.4 pre-pandemic to 4.3 per 100 000 person-years (-1.1, 95% CI -2.0 to -0.28). Hanging-related OHCA incidence also decreased. Patient characteristics and hospital discharge outcomes between periods were similar. CONCLUSION: Suicide-related OHCA incidence decreased with the COVID-19 pandemic and we did not detect changes in patient characteristics or outcomes, suggesting that suicide is not a contributor to increases in COVID-related OHCA incidence or mortality. Overall suicide-related OHCA outcomes in both time periods were poor.
背景:各司法管辖区报告称,与新冠病毒病(COVID-19)相关的非创伤性院外心脏骤停(OHCA)的发病率和死亡率有所上升。我们推测,COVID-19大流行期间自杀发病率的变化可能是导致这些变化的原因之一。我们调查了COVID-19大流行是否与以下方面的变化相关:(1)与自杀相关的OHCA的发病率,以及(2)此类病例的特征和结局。 方法:我们使用了不列颠哥伦比亚省心脏骤停登记处的数据,包括非创伤性紧急医疗系统(EMS)评估的OHCA,以比较COVID-19大流行开始前一年(2020年3月15日)和开始后一年与自杀相关的OHCA(定义为明确的自我伤害或意图表达)。我们计算了发病率差异(95%置信区间)、总体差异以及机制亚组(上吊、窒息、中毒或机制不明)内的差异,以及病例特征和出院时良好神经功能结局(脑功能分类[CPC]1-2)的差异。 结果:在13785例经EMS评估的OHCA中,我们纳入了大流行前274例/6430例(4.3%)和大流行期间221例/7355例(3.0%)与自杀相关的病例。中位年龄为43岁(四分位间距30-57岁),157例(32%)为女性,7例(1.4%)存活且神经功能良好。与自杀相关的OHCA发病率从大流行前的每10万人年5.4例降至4.3例(-1.1,95%置信区间-2.0至-0.28)。与上吊相关的OHCA发病率也有所下降。不同时期的患者特征和出院结局相似。 结论:与自杀相关的OHCA发病率随COVID-19大流行而下降,且我们未发现患者特征或结局有变化,这表明自杀并非导致COVID-19相关OHCA发病率或死亡率上升的因素。两个时期与自杀相关的OHCA总体结局均较差。
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