Zócalo Yanina, Gómez-García Mariana, Torrado Juan, Bia Daniel
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro Universitario de Investigación, Innovación y Diagnóstico Arterial, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
CUiiDARTE - Movimiento, Actividad, Salud (CUiiDARTE-MAS), Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Feb 21;4:800249. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.800249. eCollection 2022.
Compliance with physical activity recommendations (CPARs) is associated with better health indicators. However, there are only few studies to date that have comprehensively analyzed the association between CPARs and cardiovascular status "as a whole" (e.g., analyzing hemodynamic, structural, and functional properties, and different arterial territories). The relationship between CPARs and cardiovascular properties could be strongly influenced by the growth and aging process.
The goal of the study is to investigate the association between CPAR and cardiovascular properties by placing special emphasis on: (i) identifying if there is an independent association, (ii) if the association is "moderated" by age, and (iii) to what extent the association depends on the arterial parameter (hemodynamic vs. structural vs. functional) and/or the arterial segment (e.g., central vs. peripheral; elastic vs. transitional vs. muscular arteries).
A total of 3,619 subjects (3-90 years of age) were studied. Extensive cardiovascular evaluations were performed. Cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and physical activity (PA) levels were determined. The subjects were categorized as compliant ( = 1, 969) or non-compliant ( = 1,650) with World Health Organization-related PA recommendations. Correlation and multiple regression models (including CPARAge interaction) were obtained, and Johnson-Neyman technique was used to produce regions of significance.
The independent association between CPARs and cardiovascular characteristics were strongly moderated by age. The moderation was observed on a wide range of age but particularly notorious on the extremes of life. Certain arterial characteristics demonstrated opposite effects in relation to CPAR status depending on the range of age considered. The association between CPAR and cardiovascular characteristics was independent of CRFs and moderated by age. In subjects younger than 45-55 years, CPAR status was associated with lower central and peripheral blood pressure (i.e., the younger the subject, the higher the reduction). During adult life, as age increases in the subjects, CPARs was associated with a beneficial hemodynamic profile, which is not related with variations in pressure but strongly related with lower levels of waveform-derived indexes and ventricular afterload determinants.
The independent associations between CPARs and arterial properties were strongly moderated by age. Data provided by blood pressure levels and waveform-derived indexes would be enough to evaluate the independent association between CPARs and the vascular system in the general population.
遵循体育活动建议（CPARs）与更好的健康指标相关。然而，迄今为止，仅有少数研究全面分析了CPARs与“整体”心血管状况之间的关联（例如，分析血液动力学、结构和功能特性以及不同动脉区域）。CPARs与心血管特性之间的关系可能会受到生长和衰老过程的强烈影响。
本研究的目的是通过特别强调以下几点来调查CPAR与心血管特性之间的关联：（i）确定是否存在独立关联；（ii）该关联是否受年龄“调节”；（iii）该关联在多大程度上取决于动脉参数（血液动力学参数与结构参数与功能参数）和/或动脉节段（例如，中心动脉与外周动脉；弹性动脉与过渡动脉与肌性动脉）。
共研究了3619名受试者（年龄在3至90岁之间）。进行了广泛的心血管评估。确定了心血管危险因素（CRFs）和身体活动（PA）水平。根据世界卫生组织相关的PA建议，将受试者分为符合组（=1969）或不符合组（=1650）。获得了相关性和多元回归模型（包括CPAR×年龄交互作用），并使用约翰逊-内曼技术生成显著区域。
CPARs与心血管特征之间的独立关联受到年龄的强烈调节。在广泛的年龄范围内都观察到了这种调节作用，但在生命两端尤为明显。根据所考虑的年龄范围，某些动脉特征相对于CPAR状态表现出相反的影响。CPAR与心血管特征之间的关联独立于CRFs，并受年龄调节。在45至55岁以下的受试者中，CPAR状态与较低的中心和外周血压相关（即受试者越年轻，血压降低幅度越大）。在成年期，随着受试者年龄的增加，CPARs与有益的血液动力学特征相关，这与压力变化无关，但与较低水平的波形衍生指标和心室后负荷决定因素密切相关。
CPARs与动脉特性之间的独立关联受到年龄的强烈调节。血压水平和波形衍生指标提供的数据足以评估CPARs与一般人群血管系统之间的独立关联。
