Figueiredo Yuri G, Corrêa Eduardo A, de Oliveira Junior Afonso H, Mazzinghy Ana C D C, Mendonça Henrique D O P, Lobo Yan J G, García Yesenia M, Gouvêia Marcelo A D S, de Paula Ana C C F F, Augusti Rodinei, Reina Luisa D C B, da Silveira Carlos H, de Lima Leonardo H F, Melo Júlio O F
Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Sete Lagoas, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sete Lagoas 35700-000, MG, Brazil.
Campus Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 1;27(5):1633. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051633.
Fr. Allem. (Anacardiaceae) is a tree popularly known as the "aroeira-do-sertão", native to the caatinga and cerrado biomes, with a natural dispersion ranging from the Northeast, Midwest, to Southeast Brazil. Its wood is highly valued and overexploited, due to its characteristics such as durability and resistance to decaying. The diversity of chemical constituents in aroeira seed has shown biological properties against microorganisms and helminths. As such, this work aimed to identify the profile of volatile compounds present in aroeira seeds. Headspace solid phase microextraction was employed (HS-SPME) using semi-polar polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene fiber (PDMS/DVB) for the extraction of VOCs. 22 volatile organic compounds were identified: nine monoterpenes and eight sesquiterpenes, in addition to six compounds belonging to different chemical classes such as fatty acids, terpenoids, salicylates and others. Those that stood out were p-mentha-1,4, 4(8)-diene, 3-carene (found in all samples), caryophyllene and cis-geranylacetone. A virtual docking analysis suggested that around 65% of the VOCs molar content from the aroeiras seeds present moderate a strong ability to bind to cyclooxygenase I (COX-I) active site, oxide nitric synthase (iNOS) active site (iNOSas) or to iNOS cofactor site (iNOScs), corroborating an anti-inflamatory potential. A pharmacophoric descriptor analysis allowed to infer the more determinant characteristics of these compounds' conferring affinity to each site. Taken together, our results illustrate the high applicability for the integrated use of SPME, in silico virtual screening and chemoinformatics tools at the profiling of the biotechnological and pharmaceutical potential of natural sources.
巴西乳香（漆树科）是一种通常被称为“荒漠苦香树”的树，原产于卡廷加和塞拉多生物群落，自然分布范围从巴西东北部、中西部到东南部。由于其耐久性和抗腐烂等特性，其木材具有很高的价值，但也被过度开发。巴西乳香种子中的化学成分多样性已显示出对微生物和蠕虫的生物学特性。因此，这项工作旨在确定巴西乳香种子中挥发性化合物的概况。采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME），使用半极性聚二甲基硅氧烷-二乙烯基苯纤维（PDMS/DVB）提取挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。鉴定出22种挥发性有机化合物：9种单萜和8种倍半萜，此外还有6种属于不同化学类别的化合物，如脂肪酸、萜类、水杨酸酯等。其中突出的有对薄荷-1,4,4(8)-二烯、3-蒈烯（在所有样品中均有发现）、石竹烯和顺式香叶基丙酮。虚拟对接分析表明，巴西乳香种子中约65%的挥发性有机化合物摩尔含量具有中等至较强的与环氧合酶I（COX-I）活性位点、氧化氮合酶（iNOS）活性位点（iNOSas）或iNOS辅因子位点（iNOScs）结合的能力，证实了其抗炎潜力。药效团描述符分析有助于推断这些化合物赋予每个位点亲和力的更具决定性的特征。综上所述，我们的结果说明了固相微萃取、计算机虚拟筛选和化学信息学工具在综合评估天然来源的生物技术和制药潜力方面的高度适用性。
