Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations, Waseda University, 513, Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan.
Department of Advanced Science Engineering, Waseda University, Japan, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
Adv Biol (Weinh). 2022 Jun;6(6):e2101322. doi: 10.1002/adbi.202101322. Epub 2022 Mar 11.
The mechanism of production of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their molecular contents are of great interest due to their diverse roles in biological systems and are far from being completely understood. Even though cellular cargo releases mediated by EVs have been demonstrated in several cases, their role in secondary metabolite production and release remains elusive. In this study, this aspect is investigated in detail using Raman microspectroscopic imaging. Considerable evidence is provided to suggest that the release of antibiotic penicillin by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum involves EVs. Further, the study also reveals morphological modifications of the fungal body during biogenesis, changes in cell composition at the locus of biogenesis, and major molecular contents of the released EVs. The results suggest a possible general role of EVs in the release of antibiotics from the producing organisms.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）的产生机制及其分子内容因其在生物系统中的多种作用而引起了极大的关注，但远未被完全理解。尽管已经在几种情况下证明了 EV 介导的细胞货物释放，但它们在次生代谢产物的产生和释放中的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，使用拉曼微光谱成像详细研究了这一方面。有相当多的证据表明，丝状真菌产黄青霉释放抗生素青霉素涉及细胞外囊泡。此外，该研究还揭示了生物发生过程中真菌体的形态学修饰、生物发生部位细胞组成的变化以及释放的 EV 的主要分子内容。结果表明，EVs 可能在从产生菌释放抗生素中发挥普遍作用。
