Fritz Kathryn, O'Connor Patrick J
Department of Kinesiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Feb 24;4:746409. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.746409. eCollection 2022.
Little is known about the effects of yoga training in adults with ADHD symptoms. This pilot study sought to determine the feasibility and selected psychological effects of 6 weeks of yoga training in women screening positive for adult ADHD compared to a wait-list control group.
A randomized trial was conducted with 32 adult women (18-24 years) who volunteered after screening positive for adult ADHD as assessed by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Participants were randomized to 6 weeks of Bikram yoga training or to a wait-list control group. The yoga intervention consisted of two 90-min classes per week. Multilevel models were used to test hypothesized interactions of yoga-induced improvements compared to controls across time (baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks). The primary outcomes assessed inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and working memory using the NIH Toolbox. Separate models with trait mindfulness, trait anxiety and expectations for change in either attention or working memory as covariates tested whether these variables mediated the changes in the three measures of executive function. Secondary outcomes included mood, perceived functional impairment and motivation for, and hyperactivity during, the cognitive tests.
No adverse events were observed. Attendance averaged 91.7% among the 69% of the sample that did not dropout. No significant Group X Time interactions were found for any of the psychological outcomes and the null executive function findings were unchanged when including the covariates.
Six-weeks of yoga training twice per week is potentially feasible for women experiencing ADHD symptoms, but an exercise stimulus of this duration and magnitude yields no beneficial cognitive or mood outcomes.
关于瑜伽训练对有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的成年人的影响，人们了解甚少。这项初步研究旨在确定，与等待名单对照组相比，对筛查出成人ADHD呈阳性的女性进行为期6周的瑜伽训练的可行性及某些心理效应。
对32名成年女性（18 - 24岁）进行了一项随机试验，这些女性在通过成人ADHD自我报告量表（ASRS）评估筛查出成人ADHD呈阳性后自愿参与。参与者被随机分为两组，一组接受为期6周的高温瑜伽训练，另一组为等待名单对照组。瑜伽干预包括每周两次90分钟的课程。使用多层次模型来测试与对照组相比，瑜伽诱导的改善在不同时间（基线、3周和6周）的假设交互作用。主要结果使用美国国立卫生研究院工具包评估抑制控制、认知灵活性和工作记忆。以特质正念、特质焦虑以及对注意力或工作记忆变化的期望作为协变量的单独模型，测试了这些变量是否介导了执行功能三项指标的变化。次要结果包括情绪、感知功能损害以及认知测试期间的动机和多动情况。
未观察到不良事件。在未退出的69%的样本中，平均出勤率为91.7%。对于任何心理结果，均未发现显著的组×时间交互作用，并且在纳入协变量时，执行功能的零结果保持不变。
对于有ADHD症状的女性，每周两次为期六周的瑜伽训练可能是可行的，但这种时长和强度的运动刺激并未产生有益的认知或情绪结果。
