Terrazas-Salgado Luis, García-Gasca Alejandra, Betancourt-Lozano Miguel, Llera-Herrera Raúl, Alvarado-Cruz Isabel, Yáñez-Rivera Beatriz
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C., Mazatlán, Mexico.
Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología-Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Mexico.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Feb 25;10:832982. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.832982. eCollection 2022.
Zebrafish () is a well-established vertebrate model in ecotoxicology research that responds to a wide range of xenobiotics such as pesticides, drugs, and endocrine-disrupting compounds. The epigenome can interact with the environment and transform internal and/or external signals into phenotypic responses through changes in gene transcription. Environmental exposures can also generate epigenetic variations in offspring even by indirect exposure. In this review, we address the advantages of using zebrafish as an experimental animal model to study transgenerational epigenetic processes upon exposure to xenobiotics. We focused mostly on DNA methylation, although studies on post-translational modifications of histones, and non-coding RNAs related to xenobiotic exposure in zebrafish are also discussed. A revision of the methods used to study epigenetic changes in zebrafish revealed the relevance and reproducibility for epigenetics-related research. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were consulted for original research articles published from 2013 to date, by using six keywords: zebrafish, epigenetics, exposure, parental, transgenerational, and F2. From 499 articles identified, 92 were considered, of which 14 were selected as included F2 and epigenetic mechanisms. Current knowledge regarding the effect of xenobiotics on DNA methylation, histone modifications, and changes in non-coding RNAs expressed in F2 is summarized, along with key experimental design considerations to characterize transgenerational effects.
斑马鱼（）是生态毒理学研究中一种成熟的脊椎动物模型，它能对多种外源性物质作出反应，如农药、药物和内分泌干扰化合物。表观基因组可以与环境相互作用，并通过基因转录的变化将内部和/或外部信号转化为表型反应。环境暴露甚至通过间接暴露也能在后代中产生表观遗传变异。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了使用斑马鱼作为实验动物模型来研究暴露于外源性物质后的跨代表观遗传过程的优势。我们主要关注DNA甲基化，不过也讨论了斑马鱼中与外源性物质暴露相关的组蛋白翻译后修饰和非编码RNA的研究。对用于研究斑马鱼表观遗传变化的方法进行的修订揭示了其在表观遗传学相关研究中的相关性和可重复性。通过使用“斑马鱼”“表观遗传学”“暴露”“亲代”“跨代”和“F2”这六个关键词，查阅了PubMed和谷歌学术数据库中2013年至今发表的原始研究文章。从识别出的499篇文章中，筛选出92篇，其中14篇被选为包含F2和表观遗传机制的文章。总结了关于外源性物质对F2中DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA表达变化影响的现有知识，以及表征跨代效应的关键实验设计考虑因素。
