Etemadifar Shahram, Dehghan Morteza, Jazayeri Tahereh, Javanbakhtian Raheleh, Rabiei Leili, Masoudi Reza
Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Department of Orthopedy, Kashani Hospital and Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2022 Jan 31;11:27. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_296_21. eCollection 2022.
Low back pain (LBP) has been regarded as one of the musculoskeletal problems which is affecting more than three-quarters of individuals in their lifetime. Nowadays, various pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies are employed for relieving and treating LBP. This study was conducted to compare the effects of topical hot salt and hot sand on patients' perception of LBP.
In this, quasi-experimental study patients with LBP referring to the orthopedic clinic of Shahrekord educational hospital were divided randomly into two interventions and one control group in 2020. All three groups were received naproxen cream and daily physiotherapy in the same manner, the interventional groups in addition either topical hot salt or topical hot sand. Data gathering tool for measuring patients' perception of LBP was the McGill Pain Short Form Questionnaire to be completed at the beginning, immediately at the end, and 2 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 21.0).
Totally, 90 patients were randomized based on the table of random numbers (mean age 51.1 + 11.1), and finally, 87 patients completed the study. Patients' perception of LBP before the intervention was homogenous in hot salt, hot sand, and the control group The mean score of total pain experience before the intervention was 14.1 ± 11.3 for hot sand, 13.9 ± 10.7 for hot salt and 13.7 ± 10.1 for control group The mean scores of these three groups were not significant before the intervention ( > 0.05). The mean score of total pain experience immediately after the intervention was 6.7 ± 4.2 for hot sand, 5.2 ± 3.1 for hot salt and 13.9 ± 9.8 for control group. The mean scores of the hot sand group and the hot salt group were significantly decreased compared with control group ( > 0.05). The mean score of total pain experience two months after the intervention was 5.6 ± 3.27 for hot sand, 4.21 ± 2.14 for hot salt and 13.8 ± 10.4 for control group. Mean score of total pain experience in both intervention groups had significantly reduced two months after the intervention compared to control group ( ≤ 0.001); so that the effect of hot salt treatment on reducing total pain experience was larger than hot sand ( ≤ 0.001). The same trend was observed for VAS and Present pain intensity variables.
The findings have revealed that the topical treatments with hot salt and hot sand could have a significant effect on the perception of LBP compared to those in the control group; whereas hot salt might be stronger effects than hot sand on reducing LBP.
腰痛（LBP）被视为一种肌肉骨骼问题，超过四分之三的人在一生中会受到影响。如今，各种药物和非药物疗法被用于缓解和治疗腰痛。本研究旨在比较局部热敷盐和热敷沙对患者腰痛感知的影响。
在这项准实验研究中，2020年前往沙赫雷克德教育医院骨科门诊的腰痛患者被随机分为两个干预组和一个对照组。三组均以相同方式接受萘普生乳膏和每日物理治疗，干预组除此之外还分别接受局部热敷盐或局部热敷沙治疗。测量患者腰痛感知的数据收集工具是麦吉尔疼痛简式问卷，在干预开始时、结束时以及结束后2个月填写。数据使用SPSS统计软件（版本21.0）进行分析。
总共90名患者根据随机数字表进行随机分组（平均年龄51.1±11.1），最终87名患者完成研究。热敷盐组、热敷沙组和对照组干预前患者的腰痛感知情况相似。干预前总疼痛体验的平均得分，热敷沙组为14.1±11.3，热敷盐组为13.9±10.7，对照组为13.7±10.1。这三组的平均得分在干预前无显著差异（P>0.05）。干预后立即测量的总疼痛体验平均得分，热敷沙组为6.7±4.2，热敷盐组为5.2±3.1，对照组为13.9±9.8。热敷沙组和热敷盐组的平均得分与对照组相比显著降低（P>0.05）。干预后2个月总疼痛体验的平均得分，热敷沙组为5.6±3.27，热敷盐组为4.21±2.14，对照组为13.8±10.4。与对照组相比，两个干预组干预后2个月的总疼痛体验平均得分均显著降低（P≤0.001）；因此，热敷盐治疗在降低总疼痛体验方面的效果大于热敷沙（P≤0.001）。视觉模拟评分法（VAS）和当前疼痛强度变量也观察到相同趋势。
研究结果表明，与对照组相比，局部热敷盐和热敷沙治疗对腰痛感知有显著影响；而热敷盐在减轻腰痛方面的效果可能比热敷沙更强。
