高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练对心血管疾病患者心脏康复的影响：一项系统评价和荟萃分析

Effects of High-Intensity Interval vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

作者信息

Yue Tian, Wang Yan, Liu Hui, Kong Zhaowei, Qi Fengxue

机构信息

School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.

China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Feb 23;9:845225. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845225. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2022.845225

PMID:35282360

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8904881/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Studies have shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for increasing peak oxygen uptake (VO) and reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. To our knowledge, previously published systematic reviews have neither compared different HIIT models with MICT nor investigated intervention frequencies of HIIT vs. MICT for purposes of improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of different training models, intervention frequencies and weeks of HIIT vs. MICT on changes in cardiorespiratory fitness during cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

METHODS

A systematic search was carried out for research articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indexed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases for the period up to December 2021. We searched for RCTs that compared the effect of HIIT vs. MICT on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD.

RESULTS

Twenty-two studies with 949 participants (HIIT: 476, MICT: 473) met the inclusion criteria. Sensitivity analysis revealed that HIIT increased VO more than MICT (MD = 1.35). In the training models and durations, there was a greater increase in VO with medium-interval HIIT (MD = 4.02) and more than 12 weeks duration (MD = 2.35) than with MICT. There were significant improvements in VO with a HIIT frequency of 3 times/week (MD = 1.28). Overall, one minor cardiovascular and four non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the HIIT group, while six non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the MICT group.

CONCLUSION

HIIT is safe and appears to be more effective than MICT for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD. Medium-interval HIIT 3 times/week for more than 12 weeks resulted in the largest improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness during CR.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021245810, identifier: CRD42021245810.

摘要

背景

研究表明，高强度间歇训练（HIIT）在提高峰值摄氧量（VO）、降低心血管疾病（CVD）和死亡率方面优于中等强度持续训练（MICT）。据我们所知，先前发表的系统评价既未将不同的HIIT模式与MICT进行比较，也未研究HIIT与MICT的干预频率对改善CVD患者心肺适能的作用。

目的

本荟萃分析的目的是比较不同训练模式、干预频率以及HIIT与MICT的训练周数对心脏康复（CR）期间心肺适能变化的影响。

方法

对截至2021年12月在PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、科学网、Embase和Scopus数据库中索引的关于随机对照试验（RCT）的研究文章进行系统检索。我们检索了比较HIIT与MICT对CVD患者心肺适能影响的RCT。

结果

22项研究共949名参与者（HIIT组：476名，MICT组：473名）符合纳入标准。敏感性分析显示，HIIT比MICT更能提高VO（平均差=1.35）。在训练模式和持续时间方面，中等间歇HIIT（平均差=4.02）以及持续时间超过12周（平均差=2.35）比MICT能使VO有更大的增加。HIIT频率为每周3次时VO有显著改善（平均差=1.28）。总体而言，HIIT组报告了1例轻度心血管不良事件和4例非心血管不良事件，而MICT组报告了6例非心血管不良事件。