Health Science Centre, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia44574-490, Brazil.
Food, Nutrition and Health Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Br J Nutr. 2023 Jan 14;129(1):147-156. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522000873. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
The aim of this study was to ascertain the level of occupational stress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, how it changed and its association with health outcomes of hospital workers in the Recôncavo of Bahia, Brazil. A longitudinal study was conducted with 218 hospital workers over 18 years old. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle, anthropometric and health data. The main exposures were occupational stress, assessed through Job Content Questionnaire and classified according to the Demand-Control Model and reported shift work. Health outcomes considered were nutritional status assessed by BMI, waist circumference and body fat percentage, health self-perception and cardiovascular risk factors. We used McNemar or Wilcoxon tests to compare the levels of exposure and outcome variables before and during the pandemic, and OR to evaluate associations between changes in occupational stress and shift work with health outcomes. During the pandemic, participants reported increased occupational stress and shift work and lower self-perceived health and had higher BMI and cardiovascular risk factors, compared with before the pandemic. No association was observed between change in occupational stress and health outcomes. However, increased amount of shift work was related to increased BMI in the overall sample (OR 3·79, 95 % CI (1·40, 10·30)) and in health workers (OR 11·56; 95 % CI (2·57, 52·00)). These findings support calls to strengthen labour policies to ensure adequate working conditions for hospital workers in context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
这项研究的目的是确定巴西巴伊亚州雷孔卡沃地区 COVID-19 大流行前后医护人员的职业压力水平、压力变化情况，以及其与健康结果的关系。该研究是一项纵向研究，共纳入 218 名 18 岁以上的医院工作人员。采用半结构式问卷收集社会人口学、职业、生活方式、人体测量学和健康数据。主要暴露因素为职业压力，采用工作内容问卷进行评估，并根据需求-控制模型进行分类，同时报告轮班工作情况。健康结果包括通过 BMI、腰围和体脂百分比评估的营养状况、健康自我感知和心血管危险因素。我们使用 McNemar 或 Wilcoxon 检验比较大流行前后暴露和结局变量的水平，并使用 OR 评估职业压力和轮班工作变化与健康结果之间的关联。与大流行前相比，大流行期间参与者报告的职业压力和轮班工作增加，健康自我感知降低，BMI 和心血管危险因素升高。职业压力变化与健康结果之间未观察到关联。然而，在总样本（OR3·79，95 % CI 1·40 至 10·30）和卫生工作者（OR11·56；95 % CI 2·57 至 52·00）中，轮班工作时间的增加与 BMI 的增加相关。这些发现支持加强劳工政策的呼吁，以确保 COVID-19 大流行期间医院工作人员的工作条件得到保障。
