School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, n°32, Canela, Salvador CEP 40110-150, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Asa Norte, Distrito Federal, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 25;20(3):2166. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032166.
This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and the body composition of hospital workers subjected to occupational stressors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle, anthropometric, food consumption and occupational stress were collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 218 workers from a private hospital in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil were included in the study. After evaluating the normality of the data, parametric or non-parametric tests were used to characterize the sample. Dietary pattern was defined with Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the desired association. During the pandemic, work per shift increased by 8.2% ( = 0.004) and working hours > 40 h/week increased by 9.2% ( = 0.006). Despite the higher prevalence of low occupational stress (85.8% vs. 72.1%), high stress increased by 13.7% from 2019 to 2020 ( < 0.001) and 30.3% reported a positive mediating effect on the variables of body composition, body mass index (b = 0.478; < 0.001), waist circumference (b = 0.395; = 0.001), fat-free mass (b = 0.440; = 0.001) and fat mass (b = -0.104; = 0.292). Therefore, a dietary pattern containing high-calorie foods was associated with changes in the body composition of hospital workers, including occupational stressors as mediators of this relationship.
这项纵向研究旨在评估在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间，职业压力源对医院工作人员的饮食模式与身体成分之间的关联。在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间收集了社会人口学、职业、生活方式、人体测量、食物消耗和职业压力的数据。巴西巴伊亚州圣安东尼奥德热苏斯的一家私立医院的 218 名工作人员被纳入研究。在评估数据的正态性之后，使用参数或非参数检验来描述样本。使用探索性因子分析定义饮食模式，并使用结构方程模型来检验所需的关联。在大流行期间，每个班次的工作时间增加了 8.2%（ = 0.004），每周工作时间超过 40 小时的增加了 9.2%（ = 0.006）。尽管低职业压力的患病率较高（85.8%比 72.1%），但高压力从 2019 年到 2020 年增加了 13.7%（ < 0.001），30.3%报告职业压力对身体成分、体重指数（b = 0.478； < 0.001）、腰围（b = 0.395； = 0.001）、去脂体重（b = 0.440； < 0.001）和脂肪量（b = -0.104； = 0.292）变量有积极的中介作用。因此，富含高热量食物的饮食模式与医院工作人员身体成分的变化相关，职业压力作为这种关系的中介因素。
