Urban Institute & Department of Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-34 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 8;13(1):9365. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36493-7.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in work and lifestyle, impacting occupational mental health. This study examines the time and individual heterogeneity in the pandemic's effects on occupational mental health using panel data from job stress checks spanning 2018 to 2021. On average, there was an initial alleviation of high-stress risk in 2020, followed by a deterioration in 2021. Based on the job demand-resource theory, we identify the group of employees most affected by the pandemic. The findings highlight that employees in unfavorable workplace conditions are more likely to experience substantial adverse impacts. Adequate workplace support, including factors like interpersonal relationships, managerial support, job meaning, control, and work-life balance, is crucial for mitigating high-stress risk. Additionally, during the early phase of the pandemic, engaged employees experienced a slight decline in occupational mental health, while those lacking job resources at their worksite faced higher levels of occupational stress in the subsequent year. These findings offer practical suggestions for person-centered coping strategies to mitigate the pandemic's adverse impact.
新冠疫情对职业心理健康造成了显著影响，改变了人们的工作和生活方式。本研究利用 2018 年至 2021 年期间的职业压力检查面板数据，考察了疫情对职业心理健康影响的时间和个体异质性。总体而言，2020 年高压力风险最初有所缓解，随后在 2021 年恶化。基于工作需求-资源理论，我们确定了受疫情影响最大的员工群体。研究结果表明，工作场所条件不利的员工更容易受到实质性的负面影响。充分的工作场所支持，包括人际关系、管理支持、工作意义、控制和工作-生活平衡等因素，对于减轻高压力风险至关重要。此外，在疫情早期，投入工作的员工职业心理健康略有下降，而在工作场所缺乏工作资源的员工在随后的一年中面临更高水平的职业压力。这些发现为实施以人为本的应对策略提供了实践建议，以减轻疫情的不利影响。
