Dhongde Shatakshee, Haveman Robert
School of Economics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 221 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Department of Economics and Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of WI-Madison, 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Soc Indic Res. 2022;163(1):447-472. doi: 10.1007/s11205-022-02902-z. Epub 2022 Mar 6.
This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of multidimensional poverty in the United States over the last decade. It provides estimates of multidimensional poverty over more than a decade, from 2008 to 2019, which covers the Great Recession and the recovery following the recession when major policy changes such as the Affordable Care Act were implemented. For the first time, spatial trends in estimates of multidimensional poverty are also provided. We measure annual poverty levels in 4 regions, 50 states and examine the relation between multidimensional poverty and neighborhood characteristics. We find that on average, 13 percent of the United States population was multidimensional poor. Poverty rates were high in the South and the West and among young adults, immigrants and Hispanics. Alternative indices of multidimensional poverty show consistent trends; multidimensional poverty in the United States rose between 2008 and 2010 and then gradually declined. However, more than a quarter of individuals with incomes above the poverty threshold remained multidimensional poor. This underscores the fact that income does not always capture deprivation experienced by individuals. Policies geared towards affordable housing, health insurance and higher education will help reduce multidimensional poverty in the United States.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11205-022-02902-z.
本文对美国过去十年的多维贫困进行了全面分析。它提供了2008年至2019年十多年间的多维贫困估计数据，这涵盖了大衰退以及衰退后的复苏时期，在此期间实施了诸如《平价医疗法案》等重大政策变革。首次还提供了多维贫困估计的空间趋势。我们测量了4个地区、50个州的年度贫困水平，并研究了多维贫困与邻里特征之间的关系。我们发现，平均而言，美国13%的人口处于多维贫困状态。南部和西部以及年轻人、移民和西班牙裔人群的贫困率较高。多维贫困的替代指数显示出一致的趋势；美国的多维贫困在2008年至2010年期间有所上升，然后逐渐下降。然而，超过四分之一收入高于贫困线的个人仍处于多维贫困状态。这凸显了一个事实，即收入并不总能反映个人所经历的匮乏。旨在提供经济适用房、医疗保险和高等教育的政策将有助于减少美国的多维贫困。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11205-022-02902-z获取的补充材料。
