Styczynski Michal, Biegniewski Gabriel, Decewicz Przemyslaw, Rewerski Bartosz, Debiec-Andrzejewska Klaudia, Dziewit Lukasz
Institute of Microbiology, Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Microbiology, Department of Geomicrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Feb 24;10:772891. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.772891. eCollection 2022.
Iron is the fourth most abundant element on earth. However, its low bioavailability is a key plant-growth limiting factor. Bacteria play an important role in plant growth promotion since they produce specific secondary metabolites that may increase macro- and micronutrient accessibility in soil. Therefore, bacterial-derived iron chelators, as well as surface-active compounds, are recognised as essential to plant welfare. In this study, three cold-active Antarctic bacterial strains, i.e. sp. ANT_H12B, sp. ANT_H59 and sp. ANT_WA51, were analysed. The physiological and genomic characterisation of these strains revealed their potential for plant growth promotion, reflected in the production of various biomolecules, including biosurfactants (that may lower the medium surface tension of even up to 53%) and siderophores (including ANT_H12B-produced mixed-type siderophore that demonstrated the highest production, reaching the concentration of up to 1.065 mM), increasing the availability of nutrients in the environment and neutralising fungal pathogens. Tested bacteria demonstrated an ability to promote the growth of a model plant, alfalfa, increasing shoots' length and fresh biomass even up to 26 and 46% respectively; while their metabolites increased the bioavailability of iron in soil up to 40%. It was also revealed that the introduced strains did not disrupt physicochemical conditions and indigenous soil microbial composition, which suggests that they are promising amendments preserving the natural biodiversity of soil and increasing its fertility.
铁是地球上含量第四丰富的元素。然而，其低生物利用度是限制植物生长的关键因素。细菌在促进植物生长中发挥着重要作用，因为它们会产生特定的次生代谢产物，这些产物可能会增加土壤中大量和微量营养素的可利用性。因此，细菌衍生的铁螯合剂以及表面活性化合物被认为对植物健康至关重要。在本研究中，分析了三株嗜冷南极细菌菌株，即ANT_H12B菌、ANT_H59菌和ANT_WA51菌。这些菌株的生理和基因组特征揭示了它们促进植物生长的潜力，这体现在它们产生的各种生物分子中，包括生物表面活性剂（可将培养基表面张力降低多达53%）和铁载体（包括ANT_H12B产生的混合型铁载体，其产量最高，浓度可达1.065 mM），提高了环境中养分的可利用性并中和了真菌病原体。测试的细菌显示出促进模式植物苜蓿生长的能力，使苜蓿芽的长度和鲜生物量分别增加了多达26%和46%；而它们的代谢产物使土壤中铁的生物利用度提高了多达40%。研究还表明，引入的菌株不会破坏土壤的物理化学条件和本地土壤微生物组成，这表明它们是有前景的改良剂，可保护土壤的自然生物多样性并提高其肥力。
