饮酒模式、宏量营养素组成和热量摄入之间的关系：2017-2018 年全国健康与营养调查。
Relationships among Alcohol Drinking Patterns, Macronutrient Composition, and Caloric Intake: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018.
机构信息
Sensory Science & Metabolism Unit, Biobehavioral Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA.
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, 19014 PA, USA.
出版信息
Alcohol Alcohol. 2022 Sep 10;57(5):559-565. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agac009.
BACKGROUND
Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with poor diet. Mixed reports in literature, so far, emphasize on the detailed understanding of relationships between diet composition and binge drinking at different drinking thresholds.
OBJECTIVE
We examined the association of alcohol consumption thresholds with macronutrient composition, caloric intake and anthropometric measures from the NHANES 2017-2018 dataset.
METHODS
A total of 2320 participants' data were analyzed. Energy and nutrient content from daily food and beverage intake were assessed via two dietary recall interviews. Physical examination and Alcohol Use Questionnaire including details about lifetime and current usage patterns were obtained. Correlations were evaluated using the Rao-Scott F Adjusted Chi-square statistic and Wald F-test. Sample-weighted multiple linear regression models were built to analyze the associations among volume of alcohol consumed, weight history and macronutrient intake.
RESULTS
Waist circumference was significantly higher in 0- < 4 drinks/episode (low-quantity) drinkers than 4-7 drinks/episode (medium-quantity) and 8-11 drinks/episode (high-quantity) drinkers. High-quantity drinkers consumed significantly more kilocalories (2569.91) compared with low-quantity drinkers (2106.73). Low-quantity drinkers consumed more energy from carbohydrate and fat than medium and high-quantity drinkers. Very high-quantity drinkers (12+ drinks/episode) consumed less fiber (12.81 g) than low-quantity drinkers (16.67 g).
CONCLUSIONS
We observed an association between high alcohol intake and differences in eating habits and body composition. The findings suggest a need to compare more specific drinking patterns and their impact on nutrient intake. Although some results conflicted with previous studies, the mechanisms underlying alcohol's effect on ingestive and digestive metabolic pathways are still unclear and require further investigation.
背景
过量饮酒与不良饮食有关。迄今为止，文献中的混合报告强调了在不同饮酒阈值下详细了解饮食成分与狂饮之间关系的重要性。
目的
我们从 NHANES 2017-2018 数据集检查了饮酒阈值与宏量营养素组成、热量摄入和人体测量学指标之间的关联。
方法
分析了 2320 名参与者的数据。通过两次饮食回忆访谈评估了每日食物和饮料摄入的能量和营养含量。进行了身体检查和酒精使用问卷，其中包括有关终生和当前使用模式的详细信息。使用 Rao-Scott F 调整卡方统计量和 Wald F 检验评估相关性。使用样本加权多元线性回归模型分析消耗的酒精量、体重史和宏量营养素摄入之间的关联。
结果
与 4-7 杯/集（中量）和 8-11 杯/集（大量）饮酒者相比，0-＜4 杯/集（少量）饮酒者的腰围显着更高。与少量饮酒者（2106.73）相比，大量饮酒者消耗的卡路里（2569.91）明显更多。与中量和大量饮酒者相比，少量饮酒者消耗的碳水化合物和脂肪的能量更多。大量饮酒者（12+杯/集）消耗的纤维（12.81g）少于少量饮酒者（16.67g）。
结论
我们观察到高饮酒量与饮食习惯和身体成分差异之间存在关联。研究结果表明，需要比较更具体的饮酒模式及其对营养摄入的影响。尽管一些结果与先前的研究相冲突，但酒精对摄食和消化代谢途径的影响的潜在机制仍不清楚，需要进一步研究。
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