Fuller R K, Branchey L, Brightwell D R, Derman R M, Emrick C D, Iber F L, James K E, Lacoursiere R B, Lee K K, Lowenstam I
JAMA. 1986 Sep 19;256(11):1449-55.
We conducted a controlled, blinded, multicenter study of disulfiram treatment of alcoholism in 605 men randomly assigned to 250 mg of disulfiram (202 men); 1 mg of disulfiram (204 men), a control for the threat of the disulfiram-ethanol reaction; or no disulfiram (199 men), a control for the counseling that all received. Bimonthly treatment assessments were done for one year. Relative/friend interviews and blood and urine ethanol analyses were used to corroborate patients' reports. There were no significant differences among the groups in total abstinence, time to first drink, employment, or social stability. Among the patients who drank and had a complete set of assessment interviews, those in the 250-mg disulfiram group reported significantly fewer drinking days (49.0 +/- 8.4) than those in the 1-mg (75.4 +/- 11.9) or the no-disulfiram (86.5 +/- 13.6) groups. There was a significant relationship between adherence to drug regimen and complete abstinence in all groups. We conclude that disulfiram may help reduce drinking frequency after relapse, but does not enhance counseling in aiding alcoholic patients to sustain continuous abstinence or delay the resumption of drinking.
我们对605名男性酒精成瘾者进行了一项对照、双盲、多中心研究，这些男性被随机分为三组：250毫克双硫仑组（202人）；1毫克双硫仑组（204人，作为双硫仑 - 乙醇反应威胁的对照）；或无双硫仑组（199人，作为所有人都接受的咨询的对照）。每两个月进行一次治疗评估，为期一年。通过亲属/朋友访谈以及血液和尿液乙醇分析来证实患者的报告。在完全戒酒、首次饮酒时间、就业或社会稳定性方面，各组之间没有显著差异。在饮酒且完成全套评估访谈的患者中，250毫克双硫仑组报告的饮酒天数（49.0 +/- 8.4）明显少于1毫克组（75.4 +/- 11.9）或无双硫仑组（86.5 +/- 13.6）。在所有组中，坚持药物治疗方案与完全戒酒之间存在显著关系。我们得出结论，双硫仑可能有助于减少复发后的饮酒频率，但在帮助酗酒患者维持持续戒酒或延迟恢复饮酒方面，它并不能增强咨询效果。
