Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, 212013 Zhenjiang, China.
Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, 212013 Zhenjiang, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jun 1;285:119208. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119208. Epub 2022 Feb 4.
Nanocellulose has great potential in the biomedical field due to its biocompatibility, large specific surface area, and customizable surface chemistry. However, due to the bioinert nature and mismatch of the mechanical strength, nanocellulose itself has no cell adhesion ability and cannot directly promote cell growth and reproduction. Recently, surface functionalization of nanocellulose has been reported as an indispensable strategy for improving its bioactivities or other physic-chemical properties. In this paper, functionalization strategies of nanocellulose based on its inherent hydroxyl, aldehyde, carboxyl, and sulfate group reactions are reviewed. Biomacromolecules, such as peptides, proteins, and DNA that are commonly used in functionalization for different biomedical applications are summarized. Prospects and ongoing challenges of nanocellulose-based biomaterials application, as well as these advanced processing technologies such as additive manufacturing, nanomanufacturing, and bio-manufacturing are also discussed. This review is supposed to serve as a guideline for the development of nanocellulose-based biomaterials in biomedical applications.
纳米纤维素由于其生物相容性、大的比表面积和可定制的表面化学性质，在生物医学领域具有巨大的潜力。然而，由于其生物惰性和机械强度不匹配，纳米纤维素本身没有细胞黏附能力，不能直接促进细胞生长和繁殖。最近，纳米纤维素的表面功能化被报道为改善其生物活性或其他物理化学性质的不可或缺的策略。本文综述了基于纳米纤维素固有羟基、醛基、羧基和硫酸酯基反应的功能化策略。总结了常用于不同生物医学应用的功能化的生物大分子，如肽、蛋白质和 DNA。还讨论了基于纳米纤维素的生物材料应用的前景和当前挑战，以及这些先进的加工技术，如增材制造、纳米制造和生物制造。本综述旨在为生物医学应用中基于纳米纤维素的生物材料的发展提供指导。
