Escobar Karen, Garrido-Miranda Karla A, Pulido Ruth, Naveas Nelson, Manso-Silván Miguel, Hernandez-Montelongo Jacobo
Departamento de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile.
Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic Center, CGNA, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Jan 16;15(1):296. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010296.
In the early 2000s, a method for cross-linking cyclodextrins (CDs) with citric acid (CTR) was developed. This method was nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive compared to the others previously proposed in the literature. Since then, the CD/CTR biopolymers have been widely used as a coating on implants and other materials for biomedical applications. The present review aims to cover the chemical properties of CDs, the synthesis routes of CD/CTR, and their applications as drug-delivery systems when coated on different substrates. Likewise, the molecules released and other pharmaceutical aspects involved are addressed. Moreover, the different methods of pretreatment applied on the substrates before the in situ polymerization of CD/CTR are also reviewed as a key element in the final functionality. This process is not trivial because it depends on the surface chemistry, geometry, and physical properties of the material to be coated. The biocompatibility of the polymer was also highlighted. Finally, the mechanisms of release generated in the CD/CTR coatings were analyzed, including the mathematical model of Korsmeyer-Peppas, which has been dominantly used to explain the release kinetics of drug-delivery systems based on these biopolymers. The flexibility of CD/CTR to host a wide variety of drugs, of the in situ polymerization to integrate with diverse implantable materials, and the controllable release kinetics provide a set of advantages, thereby ensuring a wide range of future uses.
在21世纪初，一种将环糊精（CDs）与柠檬酸（CTR）交联的方法被开发出来。与文献中先前提出的其他方法相比，该方法无毒、环保且成本低廉。从那时起，CD/CTR生物聚合物就被广泛用作植入物和其他生物医学应用材料的涂层。本综述旨在涵盖CDs的化学性质、CD/CTR的合成路线，以及它们作为药物递送系统涂覆在不同基材上时的应用。同样，还讨论了释放的分子和涉及的其他药学方面。此外，在CD/CTR原位聚合之前应用于基材的不同预处理方法也作为最终功能的关键要素进行了综述。这个过程并不简单，因为它取决于待涂覆材料的表面化学、几何形状和物理性质。聚合物的生物相容性也得到了强调。最后，分析了CD/CTR涂层中产生的释放机制，包括Korsmeyer-Peppas数学模型，该模型已被广泛用于解释基于这些生物聚合物的药物递送系统的释放动力学。CD/CTR容纳多种药物的灵活性、原位聚合与各种可植入材料整合的能力以及可控释放动力学提供了一系列优势，从而确保了广泛的未来用途。
