Skotland Tore, Sandvig Kirsten
Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway.
Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Prog Lipid Res. 2022 Apr;86:101160. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101160. Epub 2022 Mar 11.
The lipid composition of cellular membranes can impact a number of physiological processes such as signaling, cell migration, endocytosis and intracellular transport. In this article we focus on some aspects concerning analysis of lipids and research on lipid structure and function in mammalian cells that in our opinion have not obtained sufficient attention. This includes interleaflet coupling between the two layers of the membrane, and the role of lipid species, i.e. the role of the complete structure of the lipids, including lipid chain length and the position of double bonds. We highlight the role of PS species for membrane function. We also discuss the large diversity of PS species in different biological samples and the possible functional consequences, and we provide an overview of PS species from 40 different samples. Furthermore, recent studies show that there seems to be a coregulation concerning the levels of sphingolipids and ether lipids. We review and discuss the published data indicating such a coregulation. Moreover, we point to some of the pitfalls in the field of lipidomics and present suggestions for improvement. Finally, we discuss the importance of using asymmetric membrane models with a composition of lipid species that are common in biological membranes.
细胞膜的脂质组成会影响许多生理过程，如信号传导、细胞迁移、内吞作用和细胞内运输。在本文中，我们关注一些关于哺乳动物细胞中脂质分析以及脂质结构与功能研究的方面，我们认为这些方面尚未得到足够的关注。这包括膜的两层之间的层间偶联，以及脂质种类的作用，即脂质完整结构的作用，包括脂质链长度和双键位置。我们强调了磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）种类对膜功能的作用。我们还讨论了不同生物样品中PS种类的巨大多样性及其可能的功能后果，并提供了来自40个不同样品的PS种类概述。此外，最近的研究表明，鞘脂和醚脂的水平似乎存在共同调节。我们回顾并讨论了表明这种共同调节的已发表数据。此外，我们指出了脂质组学领域中的一些陷阱，并提出了改进建议。最后，我们讨论了使用具有生物膜中常见脂质种类组成的不对称膜模型的重要性。
