Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Gerontology. 2022;68(9):1044-1060. doi: 10.1159/000521832. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
Aging is often associated with increasing functional decline as measured by deterioration in mobility and activities of daily living. Older adults (OAs) living in residential long-term care (LTC) homes in particular may not engage in regular physical exercise, significantly increasing their risk of further cognitive and functional decline. Exergaming may hold promise for OAs by combining exercise and technology-based gaming systems, but evidence for its use in LTC is unknown.
A systematic review was conducted to summarize the effects of exergaming interventions on physical, cognitive, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes for OAs (>65 years of age) living in LTC.
Twenty-one studies involving 657 OAs living in LTC met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were associated with a high risk of bias and many used uncontrolled designs and small samples. Across studies, exergame interventions were associated with preliminary benefits relative to control conditions on standardized measures of physical outcomes (e.g., Timed Up & Go, 5-meter gait speed). No consistent effects were found for cognitive and QoL outcomes.
Exergames might be a promising intervention to benefit the physical health of OAs (>65 years) living in LTC, but more research is required to determine the effects of exergaming on physical health, as well as cognitive and QoL outcomes. More specifically, larger and more methodologically robust evaluations are needed.
衰老通常与移动能力和日常生活活动能力下降相关的功能衰退有关。特别是居住在长期护理院（LTC）的老年人可能不会进行常规的体育锻炼，这大大增加了他们认知和功能进一步下降的风险。运动游戏可能通过将锻炼和基于技术的游戏系统结合起来为老年人带来希望，但在 LTC 中使用的证据尚不清楚。
系统评价总结了运动游戏干预对居住在 LTC 中的老年人（>65 岁）的身体、认知和生活质量（QoL）结果的影响。
21 项涉及居住在 LTC 中的 657 名老年人的研究符合纳入标准。大多数研究存在较高的偏倚风险，许多研究采用了非对照设计和小样本。在各项研究中，与对照组相比，运动游戏干预在身体结果的标准化测量上（例如，计时起立行走、5 米步行速度）初步显示出有益的效果。但在认知和 QoL 结果方面未发现一致的效果。
运动游戏可能是一种有前途的干预措施，可以使居住在 LTC 中的老年人（>65 岁）的身体健康受益，但需要更多的研究来确定运动游戏对身体健康以及认知和 QoL 结果的影响。更具体地说，需要更大规模和更具方法学稳健性的评估。
