Denny F W, Collier A M, Henderson F W
Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Jul-Aug;8(4):527-32. doi: 10.1093/clinids/8.4.524.
A 16-year, longitudinal study of acute respiratory infections was conducted in a day care center. The incidence of infections peaked in the second six months of life (10 per child per year) and declined thereafter. Fewer than 10% of infections involved the lower respiratory tract. The isolation of respiratory viruses was associated closely with illnesses, and viruses appeared to be the most important causes of respiratory infections. Haemophilus influenzae type b was isolated infrequently and caused no invasive disease. Nontypable H. influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated frequently but were not associated epidemiologically with illnesses. Group A streptococci were isolated with moderate frequency but were not a major problem. Although the data presented are an inadequate basis for firm conclusions, they suggest that the incidence of acute respiratory infections during the first year of life is higher among children in day care centers than among those cared for at home but that the incidence in later years is perhaps lower for children who enter day care as infants and remain in day care through the preschool years.
在一家日托中心进行了一项为期16年的急性呼吸道感染纵向研究。感染发生率在出生后第二个六个月达到峰值（每年每个儿童10次），此后下降。不到10%的感染累及下呼吸道。呼吸道病毒的分离与疾病密切相关，病毒似乎是呼吸道感染的最重要原因。b型流感嗜血杆菌分离不常见，未引起侵袭性疾病。不可分型流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌分离频繁，但在流行病学上与疾病无关。A组链球菌分离频率适中，但不是主要问题。虽然所提供的数据不足以得出确凿结论，但它们表明，日托中心儿童在生命第一年的急性呼吸道感染发生率高于在家照料的儿童，但对于婴儿期进入日托中心并在整个学龄前阶段都留在日托中心的儿童来说，后期的发生率可能较低。
