Emamverdian Abolghassem, Hasanuzzaman Mirza, Ding Yulong, Barker James, Mokhberdoran Farzad, Liu Guohua
Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Feb 28;13:841501. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.841501. eCollection 2022.
The utilization of nanoparticles to potentially reduce toxicity from metals/metalloids in plants has increased in recent years, which can help them to achieve tolerance under the stressful conditions. An experiment was conducted to investigate five different levels of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs; 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) both alone and in combination with 150 μM arsenic (As) and 150 μM mercury (Hg) in one-year-old plants through four replications. The results demonstrated that As and Hg alone had damaging effects on the plant growth and development. However, the addition of various concentrations of ZnO-NPs led to increased antioxidant activity, proline (79%) content, glycine betaine (71%) content, tyrosine ammonia-lyase (43%) activity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (69%) activity, chlorophyll indices, and eventually plant biomass, while the lipoxygenase activity, electrolyte leakage, soluble protein, hydrogen peroxide content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were reduced. We concluded that ZnO-NPs detoxified As and Hg toxicity in the plants through increasing antioxidant activity, reducing As and Hg accumulation, As and Hg translocation from roots to shoots, and adjusting stomatal closure. This detoxification was further confirmed by the reduction of the translocation factor of As and Hg and the enhancement of the tolerance index in combination with ZnO-NPs. However, there is a need for further investigation with different metals/metalloids.
近年来，利用纳米颗粒来潜在降低植物中金属/类金属毒性的研究有所增加，这有助于植物在胁迫条件下实现耐受性。通过四个重复，对一年生植物进行了一项实验，研究了五个不同水平的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs；0、50、100、150和200μM），以及单独和与150μM砷（As）和150μM汞（Hg）组合使用的情况。结果表明，单独的As和Hg对植物生长发育有损害作用。然而，添加不同浓度的ZnO-NPs导致抗氧化活性增加、脯氨酸（79%）含量、甘氨酸甜菜碱（71%）含量、酪氨酸解氨酶（43%）活性、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（69%）活性、叶绿素指数增加，最终植物生物量增加，而脂氧合酶活性、电解质渗漏、可溶性蛋白、过氧化氢含量和硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质减少。我们得出结论，ZnO-NPs通过增加抗氧化活性、减少As和Hg积累、As和Hg从根到地上部的转运以及调节气孔关闭，对植物中的As和Hg毒性起到解毒作用。与ZnO-NPs组合时，As和Hg转运因子的降低以及耐受性指数的提高进一步证实了这种解毒作用。然而，需要对不同的金属/类金属进行进一步研究。
