Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; School of Agricultural Resources, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2022 May;13(3):101938. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101938. Epub 2022 Mar 11.
Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TTBPs) pose a serious economic threat to ruminant production worldwide. Despite this, investigations focused on goats remain limited compared to those for pathogens infecting cattle. We carried out PCR-based surveys and phylogenetic analyses to examine TTBPs from 6 provinces in Thailand between January 2016 and June 2020. A total of 93 tick samples were collected as well as 969 blood samples from goats. All ticks were morphologically identified as Rhipicephalus microplus and confirmed for species based on 16S rRNA and cox1 gene sequences. The mitochondrial cox1 sequences in the present study were clustered into clades A and C. The overall infection rates of Anaplasma spp., piroplasmids, and co-infections of both parasites in goats were 13.5% (131/969), 2.7% (24/880), and 0.7% (7/969), respectively. We observed no statistically significant association between TTBP infections and age or sex. However, TTBP infections and the rainy season were linked (p < 0.05). Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma marginale, and Anaplasma ovis were detected for the first time in goats in the country using primers targeting the chaperonin GroEL (groEL), major surface protein 2 (msp2), and major surface protein 4 (msp4) genes, while Anaplasma capra and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were not detected. Anaplasma bovis, A. marginale, and A. ovis isolates were clustered in a subclade that differed from the strains found in other countries. Among piroplasmids, only Theileria luwenshuni was detected in the current investigation. This work will add to the current understanding regarding the prevalence, genetic diversity, and genetic relationships of A. bovis, A. marginale, A. ovis, and T. luwenshuni among global isolates and those in Thailand.
蜱虫和蜱传病原体 (TTBPs) 对全球反刍动物生产造成严重的经济威胁。尽管如此，与感染牛的病原体相比，针对山羊的研究仍然有限。我们于 2016 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月在泰国的 6 个省进行了基于 PCR 的调查和系统发育分析，以检查 TTBPs。共采集了 93 份蜱虫样本和 969 份来自山羊的血液样本。所有蜱虫均通过形态学鉴定为 Rhipicephalus microplus，并基于 16S rRNA 和 cox1 基因序列确认了种属。本研究中的线粒体 cox1 序列聚类为 A 和 C 两个分支。在山羊中，Anaplasma spp.、梨形虫和两种寄生虫混合感染的总感染率分别为 13.5%（131/969）、2.7%（24/880）和 0.7%（7/969）。我们未观察到 TTBP 感染与年龄或性别之间存在统计学显著关联。然而，TTBP 感染与雨季有关（p<0.05）。使用针对伴侣蛋白 GroEL（groEL）、主要表面蛋白 2（msp2）和主要表面蛋白 4（msp4）基因的引物，首次在该国的山羊中检测到 Anaplasma bovis、Anaplasma marginale 和 Anaplasma ovis，而未检测到 Anaplasma capra 和 Anaplasma phagocytophilum。Anaplasma bovis、A. marginale 和 A. ovis 分离株聚类在与其他国家发现的菌株不同的亚分支中。在梨形虫中，目前的调查仅检测到 Theileria luwenshuni。这项工作将有助于增加对全球分离株以及泰国的 A. bovis、A. marginale、A. ovis 和 T. luwenshuni 的流行率、遗传多样性和遗传关系的现有认识。
