Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2022 Aug 15;22(8):667-677. doi: 10.2174/1568009622666220317091723.
Immunotherapy continues to redefine the solid tumor treatment landscape, with inhibitors of the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint having the most widespread impact. As the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide, there is significant interest in the development of immunotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer in both the early and metastatic settings. Recently reported results of several clinical trials have identified potential roles for immunotherapy agents alone or in combination with standard treatment for early and metastatic disease. While trials to date have been promising, immunotherapy has only been shown to benefit a select group of patients with breast cancer, defined by tumor subtype, PD-L1 expression, and line of therapy. With over 250 trials ongoing, emerging data will enable the further refinement of breast cancer immunotherapy strategies. The integration of multiple putative biomarkers and consideration of dynamic markers of early response or resistance may inform optimal patient selection for immunotherapy investigation and integration into clinical practice. This review will summarize the current evidence for immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) in the treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer, highlighting current and potential future biomarkers of therapeutic response.
免疫疗法不断重新定义实体肿瘤的治疗格局，PD-L1/PD-1 免疫检查点抑制剂的影响最为广泛。乳腺癌是全球最常见的癌症，因此人们对开发用于早期和转移性乳腺癌治疗的免疫疗法有着浓厚的兴趣。最近几项临床试验的结果表明，免疫疗法单独或与标准治疗联合用于早期和转移性疾病具有潜在作用。虽然迄今为止的试验结果令人鼓舞，但免疫疗法仅对某些特定类型的乳腺癌患者有效，这些患者的肿瘤亚型、PD-L1 表达和治疗线不同。目前正在进行超过 250 项试验，新出现的数据将使乳腺癌免疫治疗策略进一步得到完善。整合多种潜在的生物标志物，并考虑早期反应或耐药的动态标志物，可能有助于为免疫治疗研究和纳入临床实践选择最佳患者。这篇综述总结了免疫检查点阻断（ICB）在早期和转移性乳腺癌治疗中的现有证据，强调了当前和潜在的治疗反应生物标志物。
