Joint Initiative for Metrology in Biology, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
Nat Commun. 2022 Mar 18;13(1):1463. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29111-z.
In diploid species, genetic loci can show additive, dominance, and epistatic effects. To characterize the contributions of these different types of genetic effects to heritable traits, we use a double barcoding system to generate and phenotype a panel of ~200,000 diploid yeast strains that can be partitioned into hundreds of interrelated families. This experiment enables the detection of thousands of epistatic loci, many whose effects vary across families. Here, we show traits are largely specified by a small number of hub loci with major additive and dominance effects, and pervasive epistasis. Genetic background commonly influences both the additive and dominance effects of loci, with multiple modifiers typically involved. The most prominent dominance modifier in our data is the mating locus, which has no effect on its own. Our findings show that the interplay between additivity, dominance, and epistasis underlies a complex genotype-to-phenotype map in diploids.
在二倍体物种中，遗传基因座可以表现出加性、显性和上位性效应。为了描述这些不同类型的遗传效应对可遗传性状的贡献，我们使用双条形码系统生成并表型分析了约 20 万个可分为数百个相互关联的家族的二倍体酵母菌株。该实验能够检测到数千个上位性基因座，其中许多基因座的效应在家族之间存在差异。在这里，我们发现性状主要由少数具有主要加性和显性效应以及普遍上位性的枢纽基因座决定。遗传背景通常同时影响基因座的加性和显性效应，通常涉及多个修饰基因。我们数据中最突出的显性修饰基因是交配基因座，它本身没有影响。我们的研究结果表明，加性、显性和上位性之间的相互作用是二倍体中复杂基因型-表型图谱的基础。
