Zambart, Lusaka, Zambia.
Zambart, Lusaka, Zambia; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Int J Infect Dis. 2022 May;118:256-263. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.021. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
We nested a seroprevalence survey within the TREATS (Tuberculosis Reduction through Expanded Antiretroviral Treatment and Screening) project. We aimed to measure the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and investigate associated risk factors in one community (population ∼27,000) with high prevalence of TB/HIV in Zambia.
The study design was cross-sectional. A random sample of 3592 individuals aged ≥15 years enrolled in the TREATS TB-prevalence survey were selected for antibody testing. Randomly selected blocks of residence were visited between October 2020 and March 2021. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected using Abbott- ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay.
A total of 3035/3526 (86.1%) individuals had a blood sample taken. Antibody testing results were available for 2917/3035 (96.1%) participants. Overall, 401/2977 (13.5%) individuals tested positive for IgG antibodies. Seroprevalence was similar by sex (12.7% men vs 14.0% women) and was lowest in the youngest age group 15-19 years (9.7%) and similar in ages 20 years and older (∼15%). We found no evidence of an association between seroprevalence and HIV-status or TB. There was strong evidence (p <0.001) of variation by time of enrollment, with prevalence varying from 2.8% (95% CI 0.8-4.9) among those recruited in December 2020 to 33.7% (95% CI 27.7-39.7) among those recruited in mid-February 2021.
Seroprevalence was 13.5% but there was substantial variation over time, with a sharp increase to approximately 35% toward the end of the second epidemic wave.
我们在 TREATS（通过扩大抗逆转录病毒治疗和筛查来减少结核病）项目中嵌套了一项血清流行率调查。我们旨在测量赞比亚一个社区（人口约 27000 人）中 SARS-CoV-2 感染的血清流行率，并调查相关的危险因素，该社区结核病/艾滋病病毒感染率高。
研究设计为横断面研究。从 TREATS 结核病患病率调查中随机抽取了 3592 名年龄≥15 岁的个体进行抗体检测。2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 3 月期间，随机选择居住街区进行访问。使用 Abbott-ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG 检测试剂盒检测针对 SARS-CoV-2 的抗体。
共采集了 3526 名个体中的 3035 名（86.1%）的血样。对 3035 名个体中的 2917 名（96.1%）参与者进行了抗体检测。总体而言，401 名个体的 IgG 抗体检测呈阳性（占 2977 名个体的 13.5%）。按性别划分，血清阳性率相似（男性为 12.7%，女性为 14.0%），在 15-19 岁年龄组中最低（9.7%），在 20 岁及以上年龄组中相似（约 15%）。我们没有发现血清阳性率与 HIV 状态或结核病之间存在关联的证据。登记时间存在明显差异（p<0.001），2020 年 12 月招募的人群中患病率为 2.8%（95%CI 0.8-4.9），而 2021 年 2 月中旬招募的人群中患病率为 33.7%（95%CI 27.7-39.7）。
血清流行率为 13.5%，但随时间有很大变化，在第二波疫情末期急剧上升至约 35%。
