Alsilmi Rahmah
Pulmonary Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 11;14(3):e23063. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23063. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) can be complicated by comorbidities, particularly pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to assess the prevalence of PE in ILD patients.
Our study is a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted on ILD cases diagnosed between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2021. Out of the total ILD cases (n = 153), we enrolled for analysis only those who underwent a computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) (n = 48). We recorded the number of patients who had a PE event on CTPA, gender, age at PE and ILD diagnoses, a chronology of PE with ILD diagnosis, PE characteristics, PE therapy, type of ILD, radiographic progression of ILD, presence of pulmonary hypertension, and mortality.
Seven patients out of 48, had PE (14.6%). The mean age at the time of PE diagnosis was 70 ± 9.73 years. No statistical difference existed between the PE and non-PE groups regarding gender predominance or the age at ILD diagnosis. All of the identified PE events (n = 7) were segmental (100%), one was saddle PE (14.3%) and one was recurrent (14.3%). No PE events were diagnosed prior to ILD diagnosis, three patients (42.9%) had a simultaneous diagnosis of PE and ILD, and four patients (57.1%) were diagnosed with a PE after ILD diagnosis by a mean time of eight months. No difference in ILD radiographic progression, pulmonary hypertension, or mortality between the two groups was found.
PE is not uncommon in ILD and needs to be ruled out, especially in patients with worsening respiratory status.
间质性肺疾病（ILD）可合并其他疾病，尤其是肺栓塞（PE）。我们旨在评估ILD患者中PE的患病率。
我们的研究是一项横断面回顾性研究，研究对象为2010年1月1日至2021年6月30日期间诊断的ILD病例。在总共153例ILD病例中，我们仅纳入了那些接受了计算机断层扫描肺血管造影（CTPA）的患者（n = 48）进行分析。我们记录了CTPA上发生PE事件的患者数量、性别、PE和ILD诊断时的年龄、PE与ILD诊断的时间顺序、PE特征、PE治疗、ILD类型、ILD的影像学进展、肺动脉高压的存在情况以及死亡率。
48例患者中有7例发生PE（14.6%）。PE诊断时的平均年龄为70±9.73岁。PE组和非PE组在性别优势或ILD诊断时的年龄方面无统计学差异。所有确诊的PE事件（n = 7）均为节段性（100%），1例为骑跨性PE（14.3%），1例为复发性PE（14.3%）。在ILD诊断之前未诊断出PE事件，3例患者（42.9%）同时诊断出PE和ILD，4例患者（57.1%）在ILD诊断后平均8个月被诊断出PE。两组在ILD影像学进展、肺动脉高压或死亡率方面未发现差异。
PE在ILD中并不罕见，需要排除，尤其是在呼吸状况恶化的患者中。
