de-Mir-Messa Inés, Sardón-Prado Olaia, Sánchez-Solis Manuel, Corcuera-Elosegui Paula, Korta-Murua Javier, Pérez-Fernández Virginia, Caballero-Rabasco Araceli, Hoo Ah-Fong, Pérez-Yarza Eduardo G, Moreno-Galdó Antonio
Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Section, Department of Paediatrics, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Growth and Development Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Paediatrics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2022 Mar;58(3):237-245. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2021.07.007. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
It remains unclear if prematurity itself can influence post delivery lung development and particularly, the bronchial size.
To assess lung function during the first two years of life in healthy preterm infants and compare the measurements to those obtained in healthy term infants during the same time period.
This observational longitudinal study assessed lung function in 74 preterm (30+0 to 35+6 weeks' gestational age) and 76 healthy term control infants who were recruited between 2011 and 2013. Measurements of tidal breathing, passive respiratory mechanics, tidal and raised volume forced expirations (V'maxFRC and FEF, respectively) were undertaken following administration of oral chloral hydrate sedation according to ATS/ERS recommendations at 6- and 18-months corrected age.
Lung function measurements were obtained from the preterm infants and full term controls initially at 6 months of age. Preterm infants had lower absolute and adjusted values (for gestational age, postnatal age, sex, body size, and confounding factors) for respiratory compliance and V'maxFRC. At 18 months corrected postnatal age, similar measurements were repeated in 57 preterm infants and 61 term controls. A catch-up in tidal volume, respiratory mechanics parameters, FEV and forced expiratory flows was seen in preterm infants.
When compared with term controls, the lower forced expiratory flows observed in the healthy preterm group at 6 months was no longer evident at 18 months corrected age, suggesting a catch-up growth of airway function.
早产本身是否会影响出生后肺部发育，尤其是支气管大小，目前尚不清楚。
评估健康早产儿出生后头两年的肺功能，并将测量结果与同期健康足月儿的测量结果进行比较。
这项观察性纵向研究评估了2011年至2013年招募的74名早产儿（胎龄30 + 0至35 + 6周）和76名健康足月儿对照婴儿的肺功能。根据美国胸科学会/欧洲呼吸学会的建议，在矫正年龄6个月和18个月时，口服水合氯醛镇静后进行潮气呼吸、被动呼吸力学、潮气和增加容积用力呼气（分别为V'maxFRC和FEF）测量。
最初在6个月大时从早产儿和足月儿对照中获得肺功能测量值。早产儿的呼吸顺应性和V'maxFRC的绝对值和校正值（针对胎龄、出生后年龄、性别、体型和混杂因素）较低。在出生后矫正年龄18个月时，对57名早产儿和61名足月儿对照重复进行了类似测量。早产儿的潮气量、呼吸力学参数、FEV和用力呼气流量出现追赶现象。
与足月儿对照相比，健康早产儿组在6个月时观察到的较低用力呼气流量在矫正年龄18个月时不再明显，这表明气道功能有追赶性生长。
