Singla Vitish, Bhattacharjee Hemanga K, Gupta Ekansh, Singh Deepti, Mishra Ashwani K, Kumar Dalim
Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Minim Access Surg. 2022 Apr-Jun;18(2):167-175. doi: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_122_21.
The technology in the field of laparoscopy is rapidly evolving and is primarily focussed on increasing the quality of image and depth perception in the form of 4K and three-dimensional (3D) technology. There has been no conclusion yet regarding the better technology.
A systematic search was performed independently by two authors across MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Embase using the PRISMA guidelines. All randomised control trials comparing 3D and 4K technologies were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects statistics for time taken for different tasks across the studies.
The search strategy revealed a total of 1835 articles, out of which nine studies were included. Three studies showed no superiority of 3D over 4K, while the remaining six did. Meta-analysis for the time taken for peg transfer favoured 3D over 4K (overall effect: Z = 2.12; P = 0.03). Forest plots for time taken for suturing (Z = 1.3; P = 0.19) and knot tying (Z = 1.7; P = 0.09) also favoured 3D over 4K; the results however were statistically insignificant. Path length was reported by two studies and was found to be lesser in the 3D group. Two studies measured the workload by NASA/Surg-TLX score, which was lower in the 3D group. Visual side effects were found to be higher in the 3D group.
3D technology is likely to result in a shorter operative time and better efficiency of movement as compared to the 4K technology by the virtue of its better depth perception.
腹腔镜技术领域的技术正在迅速发展，主要集中在以4K和三维（3D）技术的形式提高图像质量和深度感知。关于哪种技术更好尚无定论。
两位作者根据PRISMA指南，独立在MEDLINE、谷歌学术和Embase上进行系统检索。纳入所有比较3D和4K技术的随机对照试验。使用随机效应统计对各项研究中不同任务所需时间进行荟萃分析。
检索策略共找到1835篇文章，其中纳入9项研究。3项研究表明3D技术并不优于4K技术，其余6项则显示3D技术更具优势。对移钉操作所需时间的荟萃分析显示3D技术优于4K技术（总体效应：Z = 2.12；P = 0.03）。缝合（Z = 1.3；P = 0.19）和打结（Z = 1.7；P = 0.09）所需时间的森林图也显示3D技术优于4K技术；然而结果在统计学上无显著意义。两项研究报告了路径长度，发现3D组的路径长度更短。两项研究通过NASA/Surg-TLX评分衡量工作量，3D组的工作量更低。发现3D组的视觉副作用更高。
与4K技术相比，3D技术凭借其更好的深度感知，可能会缩短手术时间并提高动作效率。
