通过动物辅助干预改善儿童和青少年患者的情绪困扰及住院体验：一项系统综述
Improving the Emotional Distress and the Experience of Hospitalization in Children and Adolescent Patients Through Animal Assisted Interventions: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Correale Cinzia, Borgi Marta, Collacchi Barbara, Falamesca Chiara, Gentile Simonetta, Vigevano Federico, Cappelletti Simona, Cirulli Francesca
机构信息
Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 4;13:840107. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.840107. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Animal Assisted Interventions (AAIs) are increasingly common in pediatric care settings as a means to promote the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of hospitalized children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this work was to review published studies implementing AAIs in hospital settings and to assess the effects of AAIs on the biobehavioral response to stress and pain, social behavior, quality of life and level of satisfaction with hospitalization in children and adolescents. Stress and burden, quality of life, mood and level of satisfaction with hospitalization in parents/caregivers as well as stress and burden, perception of the work environment and job satisfaction in hospital staff were also reviewed.
METHODS
All published studies reporting quantitative assessments were systematically searched using PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science databases in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The aim was to identify studies examining the effects of AAIs on behavioral, psychological and physiological responses to stress in children and adolescents (0-18 years) formally admitted to a hospital for a stay, as well as in those undergoing a visit for treatments or medical examinations.
RESULTS
Of the 350 studies screened, 21 were eligible for inclusion. Most of them focused on stress, pain, and anxiety reduction in pediatric patients, and used both physiological parameters and behavioral and psychological observations/scales. All studies employed dogs. Results show the potential of AAIs to reduce anxiety and behavioral distress in pediatric patients while acting on physiological measures associated with arousal.
CONCLUSION
Although further, more rigorous studies are still needed, the findings of this review may have implications for clinical practices suggesting appropriate planning of AAIs by pediatric healthcare professionals.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=178993], identifier [CRD42020178993].
引言
动物辅助干预（AAIs）在儿科护理环境中越来越普遍，作为促进住院儿童和青少年身心健康的一种手段。
目的
这项工作的目的是回顾在医院环境中实施动物辅助干预的已发表研究，并评估动物辅助干预对儿童和青少年对应激和疼痛的生物行为反应、社会行为、生活质量以及住院满意度的影响。还回顾了父母/照顾者的压力和负担、生活质量、情绪和住院满意度，以及医院工作人员的压力和负担、对工作环境的认知和工作满意度。
方法
根据PRISMA指南，使用PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest和Web of Science数据库系统检索所有报告定量评估的已发表研究。目的是确定研究动物辅助干预对正式入院住院的儿童和青少年（0 - 18岁）以及接受治疗或医学检查的儿童和青少年对应激的行为、心理和生理反应的影响的研究。
结果
在筛选的350项研究中，21项符合纳入标准。其中大多数研究关注儿科患者压力、疼痛和焦虑的减轻，并使用了生理参数以及行为和心理观察/量表。所有研究都使用了狗。结果表明动物辅助干预在作用于与唤醒相关的生理指标时，有减轻儿科患者焦虑和行为困扰的潜力。
结论
尽管仍需要进一步进行更严格的研究，但本综述的结果可能对临床实践有启示，建议儿科医疗保健专业人员对动物辅助干预进行适当规划。
系统评价注册
[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=178993]，标识符[CRD42020178993]
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