Eudes de Carvalho Neri José, Cristine Passos de Souza Aline, Carolina Paes Boulhosa Ana, Caroline Amador Ferreira Rafaela, Darlan de Souza Soares Chester, Vieira Costa Cleuson, Caesar Mendes Soares Monteiro Julius
Federal University of Para, Belém, Brazil.
Case Rep Infect Dis. 2022 Mar 14;2022:8048310. doi: 10.1155/2022/8048310. eCollection 2022.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten leading causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of infection in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). It is a major public health problem in Brazil and worldwide.
This was a case series study of five meningeal tuberculosis and PLWHA coinfection patients admitted between June 2019 and June 2020, in a public hospital in the northern region of Brazil. Associated with clinical cases, we propose a discussion of the different laboratory diagnostic methods available in Brazil, with the aim of increasing the diagnosis of this very serious disease, with high mortality.
The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is a challenge in clinical practice; thus, the clinical cases presented help the physician to recognize the signs and symptoms of the disease and improve the confirmatory diagnosis through acid-alcoholic resistant bacilli techniques, molecular testing, and mycobacteria culture in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Knowing the diagnostic methods of tuberculous meningitis and its characteristics is of paramount importance to increase the correct diagnosis and reduce mortality in delayed treatment.
结核病是全球十大主要死因之一，也是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）感染者（PLWHA）的主要感染原因。它在巴西乃至全球都是一个重大的公共卫生问题。
这是一项对2019年6月至2020年6月期间在巴西北部一家公立医院收治的5例结核性脑膜炎与PLWHA合并感染患者的病例系列研究。结合临床病例，我们对巴西现有的不同实验室诊断方法进行了讨论，旨在提高对这种死亡率很高的严重疾病的诊断率。
结核性脑膜炎的诊断在临床实践中是一项挑战；因此，所呈现的临床病例有助于医生识别该疾病的体征和症状，并通过脑脊液中的抗酸杆菌技术、分子检测和分枝杆菌培养来改善确诊诊断。
了解结核性脑膜炎的诊断方法及其特点对于提高正确诊断率和降低延迟治疗中的死亡率至关重要。
