Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2022 Mar 23;12(3):e055658. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055658.
To describe the use of electronic health (eHealth) in support of health coverage for kidney care across International Society of Nephrology (ISN) regions.
Secondary analysis of WHO survey on eHealth as well as use of data from the World Bank, and Internet World Stats on global eHealth services.
A web-based survey on the use of eHealth in support of universal health coverage.
125 WHO member states provided response.
Availability of eHealth services (eg, electronic health records, telehealth, etc) and governance frameworks (policies) for kidney care across ISN regions.
The survey conducted by the WHO received responses from 125 (64.4%) member states, representing 4.4 billion people globally. The number of mobile cellular subscriptions was <100% of the population in Africa, South Asia, North America and North East Asia; the percentage of internet users increased from 2015 to 2020 in all regions. Western Europe had the highest percentage of internet users in all the periods: 2015 (82.0%), 2019 (90.7%) and 2020 (93.9%); Africa had the least: 9.8%, 21.8% and 31.4%, respectively. The North East Asia region had the highest availability of national electronic health record system (75%) and electronic learning access in medical schools (100%), with the lowest in Africa (27% and 39%, respectively). Policies concerning governance aspects of eHealth (eg, privacy, liability, data sharing) were more widely available in high-income countries (55%-93%) than in low-income countries (0%-47%), while access to mobile health for treatment adherence was more available in low-income countries (21%) than in high-income countries (7%).
The penetration of eHealth services across ISN regions is suboptimal, particularly in low-income countries. Increasing utilisation of internet communication technologies provides an opportunity to improve access to kidney education and care globally, especially in low-income countries.
描述电子健康（eHealth）在支持国际肾脏病学会（ISN）区域内肾脏保健覆盖范围方面的应用。
对世界卫生组织（WHO）关于电子健康调查的二次分析，以及对世界银行、全球电子健康服务的互联网世界统计（Internet World Stats）数据的利用。
一项关于电子健康在支持全民健康覆盖方面的应用的网络调查。
125 个世界卫生组织成员国提供了回复。
ISN 区域内电子健康服务（如电子健康记录、远程医疗等）的可用性和肾脏保健治理框架（政策）。
由世界卫生组织进行的调查收到了来自 125 个（64.4%）成员国的回复，代表了全球 44 亿人口。在非洲、南亚、北美和东北亚，移动蜂窝订阅数不到人口的 100%；在所有区域，互联网用户的百分比在 2015 年至 2020 年期间都有所增加。在所有时期，西欧的互联网用户百分比最高：2015 年（82.0%）、2019 年（90.7%）和 2020 年（93.9%）；非洲则最低：分别为 9.8%、21.8%和 31.4%。东北亚地区的国家电子健康记录系统（75%）和医学院电子学习通道（100%）的可用性最高，而非洲的这两个指标的可用性最低（分别为 27%和 39%）。在电子健康治理方面的政策（如隐私、责任、数据共享）在高收入国家（55%-93%）比在低收入国家（0%-47%）更为广泛，而在治疗依从性方面的移动医疗的可及性在低收入国家（21%）比在高收入国家（7%）更高。
在 ISN 区域内，电子健康服务的普及程度不理想，特别是在低收入国家。越来越多地利用互联网通信技术为改善全球范围内肾脏教育和保健提供了机会，特别是在低收入国家。
