Resnick Daniel, Kearney Matthew D, Smith Jazmine M, Bautista Allison, Jones Liz, Schapira Marilyn M, Aysola Jaya
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atalnta, GA, United States.
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
JMIR Form Res. 2022 Mar 24;6(3):e28157. doi: 10.2196/28157.
There remains a need to engage at-risk primary care populations in cancer prevention behaviors, yet primary care physicians often lack the time or resources to discuss these behaviors with their patients.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the content, usability, and acceptability of a mobile app that leverages insights from goal-setting and social network literature to facilitate cancer prevention goal setting, tracking, and sharing between non-Hispanic Black primary care patients and their social ties.
We recruited eligible non-Hispanic Black primary care patients (aged ≥18 years) from 2 practice sites in West Philadelphia, using nonprobabilistic purposive sampling. We conducted semistructured interviews with 5 to 7 participants over 3 weeks to solicit feedback on paper mock-ups of the app, iteratively adapting these mock-ups after each set of interviews. Thereafter, and informed by initial feedback, we created an electronic beta version of the app and sought acceptability and usability feedback from a different set of participants. Then, we conducted content analysis of all user responses to search for unifying themes on acceptability and usability of both the initial mock-ups and beta version of the app. We further assessed app usability using questions derived from the System Usability Scale.
A total of 33 non-Hispanic Black primary care patients participated in this study. The mean age was 49 (SD 13) years, and 26 (79%) out of 33 participants identified as female. Semistructured interviews revealed three primary generalizable insights from our target population: the framing of each goal and its relevance to cancer impacted the likelihood that the goal would be chosen, participants thought that sharing health goals with others facilitates health behaviors, and most participants found it motivating to see other users' goal progress, while still collaborating with these users on their health goals. An overarching insight that permeated across each theme was the participants' desire to customize and personalize the app. Usability testing revealed that 100% (33/33) of participants found the app easy to use, and 76% (25/33) of participants reported that they would like to use this app frequently.
Cancer prevention in the modern era must include options that are accessible to all, but this does not mean that all options must be universal. This study's iterative process led to the development of a cancer prevention mobile app that non-Hispanic Black primary care patients deemed usable and acceptable and yielded noteworthy insights about what intended end users value in setting and accomplishing health goals.
仍有必要让有患癌风险的初级保健人群参与癌症预防行为，但初级保健医生往往缺乏时间或资源与患者讨论这些行为。
本研究的目的是评估一款移动应用程序的内容、可用性和可接受性，该应用程序利用目标设定和社交网络文献中的见解，以促进非西班牙裔黑人初级保健患者及其社交关系之间的癌症预防目标设定、跟踪和分享。
我们使用非概率目的抽样法，从西费城的2个医疗机构招募符合条件的非西班牙裔黑人初级保健患者（年龄≥18岁）。我们在3周内对5至7名参与者进行了半结构化访谈，以征求他们对该应用程序纸质原型的反馈，并在每组访谈后对这些原型进行迭代调整。此后，根据初步反馈，我们创建了该应用程序的电子测试版，并从另一组参与者那里寻求可接受性和可用性反馈。然后，我们对所有用户回复进行内容分析，以寻找关于该应用程序初始原型和测试版的可接受性和可用性的统一主题。我们还使用从系统可用性量表衍生出的问题进一步评估了应用程序的可用性。
共有33名非西班牙裔黑人初级保健患者参与了本研究。平均年龄为49（标准差13）岁，33名参与者中有26名（79%）为女性。半结构化访谈从我们的目标人群中揭示了三个主要的可归纳见解：每个目标的框架及其与癌症的相关性影响了该目标被选择的可能性，参与者认为与他人分享健康目标有助于促进健康行为，大多数参与者发现看到其他用户的目标进展很有激励作用，同时仍与这些用户就他们的健康目标进行合作。贯穿每个主题的一个总体见解是参与者希望定制和个性化该应用程序。可用性测试显示，100%（33/33）的参与者认为该应用程序易于使用，76%（25/33）的参与者表示他们愿意经常使用这个应用程序。
现代癌症预防必须包括所有人都能使用的选项，但这并不意味着所有选项都必须是通用的。本研究的迭代过程促成了一款癌症预防移动应用程序的开发，非西班牙裔黑人初级保健患者认为该应用程序可用且可接受，并就目标最终用户在设定和实现健康目标时看重什么产生了值得注意的见解。
